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Dynamic Memory Forest: Constructing and Tracing Conversational Trajectories for Long-Term Conversation

sigir26-122 · Full research paper · Cai Ke, Bin Liang, Xin Liu, Yue Yu, Hui Wang, Ruifeng Xu
Conversational Search and Retrieval · 100%
Abstract

While large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in expanding their context windows, they still face great challenges in effectively organizing and utilizing long-term memory to maintain conversation consistency and coherence. Summarizing historical conversations has achieved remarkable performance, which, however, loses conversational trajectory and association, making it difficult to precisely combine memories from different sessions in response to current queries. To address this, we propose the Dynamic Memory Forest (DMF), a novel Consolidation-then-Growth framework for long-term open-domain conversation, which simulates the consolidation and growth processes of human memory by dynamically organizing long-term conversation histories into a memory forest of memory trees. To be specific, inspired by the principles of synaptic consolidation and plasticity from Cognitive Science, we first consolidate each session into memory units that preserve thematic coherence ("Consolidation"). Then, we first structure these units into memory trees and then grow the forest by dynamically connecting them through an evolutionary grafting mechanism, called Group Relative Voting Optimization, which mimics synaptic connection to decide whether a new memory tree should be grafted onto the existing forest or grow independently ("Growth"). For retrieval, we design an Entropy-Driven Memory Walk, constructing a logically coherent memory path via a navigation policy that prioritizes exploring high-entropy nodes. Experiments on three long-term conversation datasets show that our DMF significantly outperforms baselines in enhancing response generation for LLMs.

Assigned reviewers

#ReviewerMatchWhy (closest evidence publications in the taxonomy)
1 Weiwei Sun 0001
44
100 DukeNet: A Dual Knowledge Interaction Network for Knowledge-Grounded Conversation (2020) Conversational Search and Retrieval
68 Simulating User Satisfaction for the Evaluation of Task-oriented Dialogue Systems (2021) Conversational Search and Retrieval
50 Towards Explainable Conversational Recommender Systems (2023) Conversational Recommendation Systems
2 Corby Rosset
41
79 Zero-shot Clarifying Question Generation for Conversational Search (2023) Conversational and Session Search
73 Contextual Re-Ranking with Behavior Aware Transformers (2020) Conversational Search and Retrieval
43 Transformer-XH: Multi-Evidence Reasoning with eXtra Hop Attention (2020) Multi-Hop and Iterative Retrieval Reasoning

Area chair

Area chairMatch
Hongjin Qian 52
Area-chair candidates (7)
Kam-Fai Wong COI: co-author 586 papers
Hongjin Qian assigned 5212 papers
Chenyan Xiong COI: co-author 4415 papers
Jun Xu 0001 422 papers
Xiaoxi Li 0005 4115 papers
Xiaoye Qu 3915 papers
Xiaoxue Zang 374 papers

Candidates from the panel ranked by match score

#ReviewerMatchLoadWhy
3 Sheng-Chieh Lin 45 3
76 Multi-Stage Conversational Passage Retrieval: An Approach to Fusing Term Importance Estimation and Neural Query Rewriting (2021) Conversational Search and Retrieval
74 Contextualized Query Embeddings for Conversational Search (2021) Conversational Search and Retrieval
4 Idan Szpektor 45 3
71 On the Robustness of Dialogue History Representation in Conversational Question Answering: A Comprehensive Study and a New Prompt-based Method (2023) Conversational Search and Retrieval
70 When relevance is not enough: promoting diversity and freshnessin personalized question recommendation (2013) Conversational and Interactive Recommendation
5 Zhe Xu 0009 44 3
100 Dynamic Demonstration Retrieval and Cognitive Understanding for Emotional Support Conversation (2024) Conversational Search and Retrieval
100 Intent-driven In-context Learning for Few-shot Dialogue State Tracking (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
6 Weiwei Sun 0001 assigned 44 3
100 DukeNet: A Dual Knowledge Interaction Network for Knowledge-Grounded Conversation (2020) Conversational Search and Retrieval
68 Simulating User Satisfaction for the Evaluation of Task-oriented Dialogue Systems (2021) Conversational Search and Retrieval
8 Wonduk Seo 43 3
73 A New Query Expansion Approach for Enhancing Information Retrieval via Agent-Mediated Dialogic Inquiry (2026) Query Reformulation and Expansion
34 Question-to-Knowledge (Q2K): Multi-Agent Generation of Inspectable Facts for Product Mapping (2025) Entity Linking and Alignment
9 Jialong Wu 0007 42 3
73 AdaCQR: Enhancing Query Reformulation for Conversational Search via Sparse and Dense Retrieval Alignment (2025) Query Reformulation and Expansion
73 AdaRewriter: Unleashing the Power of Prompting-based Conversational Query Reformulation via Test-Time Adaptation (2025) Query Reformulation and Expansion
11 Liwei Wang 0009 42 3
100 RAST: Domain-Robust Dialogue Rewriting as Sequence Tagging (2021) Conversational Search and Retrieval
65 Eliciting Knowledge from Large Pre-Trained Models for Unsupervised Knowledge-Grounded Conversation (2022) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
12 Jianfeng Dong 42 3
73 IVCR-200K: A Large-Scale Multi-turn Dialogue Benchmark for Interactive Video Corpus Retrieval (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
45 Video Moment Retrieval With Cross-Modal Neural Architecture Search (2022) Video and Moment Retrieval
13 Yujia Zhou 0002 41 3
67 Cognitive Personalized Search Integrating Large Language Models with an Efficient Memory Mechanism (2024) Conversational Search and Retrieval
62 Incorporating Explicit Subtopics in Personalized Search (2023) User Behavior and Search Interaction
15 Corby Rosset assigned 41 3
79 Zero-shot Clarifying Question Generation for Conversational Search (2023) Conversational and Session Search
73 Contextual Re-Ranking with Behavior Aware Transformers (2020) Conversational Search and Retrieval
16 Linchao Zhu 41 3
45 Stitching Segments and Sentences towards Generalization in Video-Text Pre-training (2024) Video and Moment Retrieval
45 Align and Tell: Boosting Text-Video Retrieval With Local Alignment and Fine-Grained Supervision (2023) Video and Moment Retrieval
17 Gustavo Penha 40 3
70 On the Calibration and Uncertainty of Neural Learning to Rank Models for Conversational Search (2021) Conversational Search and Retrieval
70 Pairwise Review-Based Explanations for Voice Product Search (2022) Conversational Search and Retrieval
18 Negar Arabzadeh 40 3
59 Query Performance Prediction: From Ad-hoc to Conversational Search (2023) Query Performance Prediction
47 Enhanced Retrieval Effectiveness through Selective Query Generation (2024) Query Reformulation and Expansion
19 Huiqiang Jiang 40 3
100 SeCom: On Memory Construction and Retrieval for Personalized Conversational Agents (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
38 Attentive Mask CLIP (2023) Universal Multimodal Embedding and MLLM Retrieval
20 Shengyao Zhuang 40 3
46 Where Relevance Emerges: A Layer-Wise Study of Internal Attention for Zero-Shot Re-Ranking (2026) LLM-Based Reranking
46 A Setwise Approach for Effective and Highly Efficient Zero-shot Ranking with Large Language Models (2024) LLM-Based Reranking
21 Jinheon Baek 39 3
72 Knowledge-Augmented Large Language Models for Personalized Contextual Query Suggestion (2024) Conversational Search and Retrieval
71 Realistic Conversational Question Answering with Answer Selection based on Calibrated Confidence and Uncertainty Measurement (2023) Conversational Search and Retrieval
23 Di Wu 0054 39 3
72 LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memory (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
40 VisRet: Visualization Improves Knowledge-Intensive Text-to-Image Retrieval (2026) Multimodal and Graph RAG
24 Xiao Wang 0043 39 3
45 Improving zero-shot retrieval using dense external expansion (2022) Query Reformulation and Expansion
43 Neural Pseudo-Relevance Feedback Models for Sparse and Dense Retrieval (2022) Query Reformulation and Expansion
25 Nancy F. Chen 39 3
100 Prompter: Zero-shot Adaptive Prefixes for Dialogue State Tracking Domain Adaptation (2023) Conversational Search and Retrieval
70 Multimodal Dialogue State Tracking (2022) Conversational Search and Retrieval
26 Adam Jatowt COI: co-author 39 3
73 Search Intent Discovery by Structurization of Community QA Contents (2012) Query Reformulation and Expansion
43 BracketRank: Large Language Model Document Ranking via Reasoning-based Competitive Elimination (2026) Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval and Ranking
27 Tetsuya Sakai 39 3
74 ChatRetriever: Adapting Large Language Models for Generalized and Robust Conversational Dense Retrieval (2024) Conversational Search and Retrieval
47 Flexible Pseudo-Relevance Feedback Using Optimization Tables (2001) Query Reformulation and Expansion
28 Zihao Yue 38 3
42 OpenMMEgo: Enhancing Egocentric Understanding for LMMs with Open Weights and Data (2025) Video and Temporal Understanding
42 Movie101: A New Movie Understanding Benchmark (2023) Video and Temporal Understanding
29 Shu Zhou 0002 38 3
71 LOSDF: A logical optimization and semantic decoupling framework for question answering in multi-party conversations (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
71 Enhancing Extractive Question Answering in Multiparty Dialogues with Logical Inference Memory Network (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
30 Fan Zhang 0053 38 3
100 Query Generation and Buffer Mechanism: Towards a better conversational agent for legal case retrieval (2022) Conversational Search and Retrieval
74 Structure-Aware Conversational Legal Case Retrieval (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
31 Haiyang Xu 0001 38 3
45 Learning Semantics-Grounded Vocabulary Representation for Video-Text Retrieval (2023) Video and Moment Retrieval
45 Unifying Latent and Lexicon Representations for Effective Video-Text Retrieval (2024) Video and Moment Retrieval
32 Qinggang Zhang 38 3
76 Facilitating Generative Retrieval with Logical Denoising for Interpretable Conversational Search (2026) Personalized and Conversational RAG
43 You Don't Need Pre-Built Graphs for RAG: Retrieval Augmented Generation with Adaptive Reasoning Structures (2026) Multi-Hop and Iterative Retrieval Reasoning
33 Weizhou Shen 38 3
100 Generic Dependency Modeling for Multi-Party Conversation (2023) Conversational Search and Retrieval
71 Retrieval-Generation Alignment for End-to-End Task-Oriented Dialogue System (2023) Conversational Search and Retrieval
34 Xueguang Ma 37 3
44 Improving Query Representations for Dense Retrieval with Pseudo Relevance Feedback: A Reproducibility Study (2022) Query Reformulation and Expansion
43 R2LLMs: Retrieval and Ranking with LLMs (2025) Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval and Ranking
35 Haokun Wen 37 3
41 Interactive Garment Recommendation with User in the Loop (2025) Conversational Recommendation Systems
40 Differential-Perceptive and Retrieval-Augmented MLLM for Change Captioning (2024) Multimodal and Graph RAG
36 Falk Scholer 37 3
47 Query association for effective retrieval (2002) Query Reformulation and Expansion
42 WikiHowQA: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Multi-Document Non-Factoid Question Answering (2023) Multi-hop and Complex Reasoning QA