Foldem, a novel method of rapid fabrication of objects with multi-material properties is presented. Our specially formulated Foldem sheet allows users to fabricate and easily assemble objects with rigid, bendable, and flexible properties using a standard laser-cutter. The user begins by creating his designs in a vector graphics software package. A laser cutter is then used to fabricate the design by selectively ablating/vaporizing one or more layers of the Foldem sheet to achieve the desired physical properties for each joint. Herein the composition of the Foldem sheet, as well as various design considerations taken into account while building and designing the method, are described. Sample objects made with Foldem are demonstrated, each showcasing the unique attributes of Foldem. Additionally, a novel method for carefully calibrating a laser cutter for precise ablation is presented.

Augmented and virtual reality have the potential of being indistinguishable from the real world. Holographic displays, including head mounted units, support this vision by creating rich stereoscopic scenes, with objects that appear to float in thin air - often within arm's reach. However, one has but to reach out and grasp nothing but air to destroy the suspension of disbelief. Snake-charmer is an attempt to provide physical form to virtual objects by revisiting the concept of Robotic Graphics or Encountered-type Haptic interfaces with current commodity hardware. By means of a robotic arm, Snake-charmer brings physicality to a virtual scene and explores what it means to truly interact with an object. We go beyond texture and position simulation and explore what it means to have a physical presence inside a virtual scene. We demonstrate how to render surface characteristics beyond texture and position, including temperature; how to physically move objects; and how objects can physically interact with the user's hand. We analyze our implementation, present the performance characteristics, and provide guidance for the construction of future physical renderers.

Printem film, a novel method for the fabrication of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) for small batch/prototyping use, is presented. Printem film enables a standard office inkjet or laser printer, using standard inks, to produce a PCB: the user prints a negative of the PCB onto the film, exposes it to UV or sunlight, and then tears-away the unneeded portion of the film, leaving-behind a copper PCB. PCBs produced with Printem film are as conductive as PCBs created using standard industrial methods. Herein, the composition of Printem film is described, and advantages of various materials discussed. Sample applications are also described, each of which demonstrates some unique advantage of Printem film over current prototyping methods: conductivity, flexibility, the ability to be cut with a pair of scissors, and the ability to be mounted to a rigid backplane.