Abstract This paper focuses on interaction across and between the physical/digital divide. We use blending theory to design for these situations, otherwise known as conceptual integration. Initially, this paper offers a discussion of the literature around blends. From this literature, we applied Benyon’s (Benyon, 2014) proposition of conceptual integration in mixed reality spaces (Blended Spaces) to consider interactions with the digital that complement the physical. We investigated blended spaces in partnership with undergraduate students during a live theatre festival. Our collaborators designed applications that applied blending principles, employing techniques drawn from speculative design. Outputs consist of speculative, narrative storyboards that use data gathered directly from stakeholder interviews and over 380 festival visitors. Our work led us to propose reworking Blended Spaces into a model that novice designers could easily conceive and apply. The work we conducted highlighted the need to consider user transitions from physical to digital and back again and highlighted the experiential nature of this type of interaction.

The increasing ubiquity of interactions as a mix between digital content and physical objects and spaces, brings about new challenges for designers. There is a need to embed digital systems in physical places, whether those are existing physical structures or existing digital platforms. Traditional approaches to product design, interaction design and user experience design do not often take this new context into account. They do not consider how designers produce new digital and physical experiences that work harmoniously to provide new forms of engagement. To address this, we illustrate the constructs of blended experiences and how they can be used in the context of bridging green spaces between different countries. We propose the idea of blended experiences and offer a framework of constructs and techniques that can help designers work in this emerging area of design.

Recent Internet of Things (IoT) research has been aiming at interoperability of devices and the integration of sensor networks. The Future Internet - Private Public Partnership (FI-PPP) has created a whole array of different purpose-oriented modules with defined specifications, better known as Generic Enablers. This article gives an overview of legal, ethical and technical norms and standards to be considered when planning, developing and implementing modular medical architectures, integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) and Generic Enablers (GEs) in cutting edge, latest generation medical data networks.

The "How Was Your Day" (HWYD) companion is an embodied conversational agent that can discuss work-related issues, entering free-form dialogues while discussing issues surrounding a typical work day. The open-ended nature of these interactions requires new models of evaluation. Here, we describe a paradigm and methodology for evaluating the main aspects of such functionality in conjunction with overall system behavior, with respect to three parameters: functional ability (i.e., does it do the "rightâ thing conversationally), content (i.e., does it respond appropriately to the semantic context), and emotional behavior (i.e., given the emotional input from the user, does it respond in an emotionally appropriate way). We demonstrate the functionality of our evaluation paradigm as a method for both grading current system performance, and targeting areas for particular performance review. We show correlation between, for example, automatic speech recognition performance and overall system performance (as is expected in systems of this type), but beyond this, we show where individual utterances or responses, indicated as positive or negative, characterize system performance, and demonstrate how our combination evaluation approach highlights issues (both positive and negative) in the companion system's interaction behavior.

Mixed reality technologies have been around for over ten years but it is only with the proliferation of smart phones and tablet (computers) that mixed and augmented reality interaction is reaching the mass market. There are now enough examples of mixed reality interactions that we can begin to abstract principles of design and principles of user experience (UX) for these new spaces of interaction. In this paper I develop the notion of mixed reality as a blendedspace. Mixed reality is a blend of a physical space and a digital space. The term ‘blend’ here is borrowed from blending theory which is a theory of cognition that highlights the importance of cross domain mappings and conceptual integration to our thought process that are grounded in physically-based spatial schemas. The concept of a blendedspace is developed by recognizing that physical space and digital space can both be described in terms of the objects and agents who inhabit the space, the structure of the objects’ relationships (the topology of the space) and the changes that take place in the space (the volatility, or dynamics of the space). The blendedspace will be more effective if the physical and digital spaces have some recognizable and understandable correspondences. The issue of presence in this blendedspace is then discussed and it is suggested that traditional definitions of presence are inadequate to describe the experiences that blendedspaces offer. Presence is considered as interaction between the self and the content of the medium within which the self exists, and place is this medium. Blendedspaces mean that people have an extended presence; from their physical location into digital worlds.

This work describes our work in developing the human-computer interface of an augmented reality (AR) system designed to facilitate the accurate selection of real world locations in 3D space using 3D cursors. The results of two experiments undertaken to evaluate the influence of certain sources of additional depth information and degree of interface control are presented. The merits of stereoscopic displays and various cursor designs are also investigated. Results indicate that the benefits of stereoscopic displays do not significantly outweigh the benefits offered by increased control and additional positional information when performing simple object selection tasks in unprepared AR environments.

Diaper's critical review of Carrol's book ‘Making Use’ raises a number of interesting issues about how to set about the design of interactive systems. In particular Diaper poses an issue that has long dogged the area of Human–Computer Interaction and Software Engineering (HCI-SE), namely how to deal with the formality required by the SE side and the sensitivity to context required by the HCI side. In this paper, we report on the experience of using scenario-based design and reflect on the effectiveness of the approach. This work fits into a broader context concerned with understanding exactly what the HCI-SE design problem is and now it might be best conceptualised.

Journal Article Special issue on intelligent interface technology: editor's introduction Get access D.R Benyon, D.R Benyon aSchool of Computing, Napier University, 219, Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH14 1DJ, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.M Murray D.M Murray b59, Cambridge Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 8DT, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Interacting with Computers, Volume 12, Issue 4, February 2000, Pages 315–322, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-5438(99)00024-7 Published: 01 February 2000

When system developers design a computer system (or other information artifact), they must inevitably make judgments as to how to abstract the worksystem and how to represent this abstraction in their designs. In the past, such abstractions have been based either on a traditional philosophy of cognition OF cognitive psychology or on intuitive, spontaneous philosophies. A number of recent developments in distributed cognition (Hutchins, 1995), activity theory (Nardi, 1996), and experientalism (Lakoff, 1987) have raised questions about the legitimacy of such philosophies. In this article, we discuss from where the abstractions come that designers employ and how such abstractions are related to the concepts that the users of these systems have. In particular, we use the theory of experientalism or experiental cognition as the foundation for our analysis. Experientalism (Lakoff, 1987) has previously only been applied to human-computer interaction (HCE) design in a quite limited way, yet it deals specifically with issues concerned with categorization and concept formation. We show how the concept of metaphor, derived from experientalism, can be used to understand the strengths and weaknesses of alternative representations in HCI design, how it can highlight changes in the paradigm underlying representations, and how it con be used to consider new approaches to HCI design. We also discuss the role that "mental spaces" have in forming new concepts and designs

article An adventure game approach to multimedia distance education Share on Authors: Linda Carswell Computing Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes Computing Department, The Open University, Milton KeynesView Profile , David Benyon Computing Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes Computing Department, The Open University, Milton KeynesView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCUE OutlookVolume 24Issue 1-3Jan.-July, 1996 pp 122–124https://doi.org/10.1145/1013718.237560Online:01 January 1996Publication History 1citation632DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads632Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

Task analysis and systems analysis are both collections of techniques aimed at the development of interactive computer-based systems. Clearly there must be some relationship between them. However, since the techniques originate from different disciplines, practitioners in one area are not always clear about what has gone before in the other area. The paper addresses this problem. Task analysis clearly has an important role to play in various aspects of systems development. However it may also introduce bad practices which can be avoided if lessons are learnt from the experiences of systems analysis over the last two decades. An understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of systems analysis techniques enables the proper role of task analysis to be understood.

David Benyon; Task analysis and system design: the discipline of data, Interacting with Computers, Volume 4, Issue 2, 1 August 1992, Pages 246–259, https://doi.

Over the last few years, adaptive interfaces have become a focus of research. In HCI one system is Monitor, which formed the basis of an adaptive interfaces project funded by the National Physical Laboratory. This paper describes our experiences in working on this project and the lessons that have been learnt about adaptive interfaces and the Monitor system. We then look at the experiments which have been conducted to establish the feasibility of modelling and using users cognitive characteristics to provide adaptivity. The paper concludes with some thoughts on the direction which future research should take.