Adaptive traffic lights are critical components in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) aiming to minimize the trip times for vehicles as well as reduce their fuel emission rates. With the recent advances in embedded systems and communication technologies, traffic lights receive signals from nearby vehicles to learn about the current load conditions as well as the types of vehicles on various lanes. This information is used by the traffic lights to adjust the traffic cycles appropriately to optimize efficiency. In this paper, we study the impact of selective jamming attacks in which a subset of the signals from the vehicles to the traffic light are jammed. This causes the traffic light to adapt its cycle to incorrect load estimates, leading to an increase in the trip times for vehicles and higher fuel emission rates. We focus on stealthy types of attacks that take the cost of the attack in consideration when mounting attacks. In particular, the attacker aims to maximize the marginal utility of the jamming attack. We evaluate the effect of our exposed attacks using SUMO simulations under various types of scenarios and for different metrics of damage and cost.

This paper reports a framework that makes it possible to carry out safe regression test selection for verification of Web services in an end-to-end manner. The Safe RTS technique has been integrated into a systematic method that monitors distributed code modifications and automates the RTS and RT processes. In doing so, a number of issues due to concurrent changes are recognized and solved.

Web applications and Web services have to undergo rapid modifications, and these modifications must be supported by rapid verification. While regression testing (RT) is a major component of most major testing systems, the related techniques have only just begun to be applied to Web services. One of the more important techniques, Regression test selection (RTS) aims to reduce the cost of performing RT. This paper reports a control flow graph-based approach that makes it possible to apply a safe RTS technique to Web services in an end-to-end manner. Safe RTS techniques ensure that no modification revealing tests will be left unselected. A simplified purchase order system that involves in three Web services is used to illustrate the use of our approach.

Regression testing (RT), testing software with previously used test cases, is a mainstream practice in software maintenance. Regression test selection (RTS) is to reduce the number of tests which need to be retested. Safe RTS techniques add the assurance that no modification-revealing test case will be left unselected. Several effective safe RTS techniques were developed for traditional applications, but none of them can be directly applied to Web services, even though there have been RT tools and techniques for Web services test-case generation, and ranking competing services. We have developed an approach to adapt Rothermel and Harrold's safe RTS technique to Web services. This approach was designed to be automated. In doing so, we have recognized a set of challenging issues that arise as a result of multiple concurrent modifications in distributed, autonomous, but still interconnected services. We believe not only these issues are common to any automated RTS approach, the needs for the solutions to these issues will also become more and more keen as composite Web services are getting more and more ubiquitous.

This paper reports a safe regression test selection (RTS) approach that is designed for verifying Web services in an end-to-end manner. The Safe RTS technique has been integrated into a systematic method that monitors distributed code modifications and automates the RTS and RT processes.

In this paper, we will focus on providing a solution to using the message exchange pattern, single-request/multiple-response (SRMR) in the context of Web services and secured enterprise environments. SRMR messaging is important because it can be used to model real world problems elegantly. However, SRMR messaging is not directly supported by Web services, and is hampered by current in-practice security schemes, such as firewalls and proxy servers. We have proposed a client-side framework to utilize SRMR Web services with the realities of network security in mind. The central component of our framework is a Web service clearinghouse, which serves as both a communication proxy and a message manager that realizes the correlation between clients' calls and the services' responses. Using our framework and the code generation utilities, we have implemented a number of nontrivial systems that use SRMR Web services.

In this paper, we report on a client-side framework that allows applications to consume Web services that adhere to the callback pattern in the context of network security schemes. This framework supports extensions of the callback pattern such as the one-request-multiple-response pattern, also allows the applications to consume the callback results in a flexible way.