BACKGROUND: Informed consent is fundamental to ethical medical practice, ensuring that patients understand the procedures they undergo, the associated risks, and available alternatives. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, particularly in diagnostics, introduces complexities that traditional informed consent forms do not adequately address. AI technologies, such as image analysis and decision-support systems, offer significant benefits but also raise ethical, legal, and practical concerns regarding patient information and autonomy. MAIN BODY: The integration of AI in healthcare diagnostics necessitates a re-evaluation of current informed consent practices to ensure that patients are fully aware of AI's role, capabilities, and limitations in their care. Existing standards, such as those in the UK's National Health Service and the US, highlight the need for transparency and patient understanding but often fall short when applied to AI. The "black box" phenomenon, where the inner workings of AI systems are not transparent, poses a significant challenge. This lack of transparency can lead to over-reliance or distrust in AI tools by clinicians and patients alike. Additionally, the current informed consent process often fails to provide detailed explanations about AI algorithms, the data they use, and inherent biases. There is also a notable gap in the training and education of healthcare professionals on AI technologies, which impacts their ability to communicate effectively with patients. Ethical and legal considerations, including data privacy and algorithmic fairness, are frequently inadequately addressed in consent forms. Furthermore, integrating AI into clinical workflows presents practical challenges that require careful planning and robust support systems. CONCLUSION: This review proposes strategies for redesigning informed consent forms. These include using plain language, visual aids, and personalised information to improve patient understanding and trust. Implementing continuous monitoring and feedback mechanisms can ensure the ongoing effectiveness of these forms. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive regulatory frameworks and enhancing communication techniques to convey complex AI concepts to patients. By improving informed consent practices, we can uphold ethical standards, foster patient trust, and support the responsible integration of AI in healthcare, ultimately benefiting both patients and healthcare providers.

In the last couple of decades, handheld wireless devices such as cell phones have become one of the most prolific electronic devices in history. With this has come an exploding demand for performance and features that cover almost every aspect of our digital multimedia interconnected lives including 3-D gaming, still and video cameras, WAN, Bluetooth, high-speed data connections, and so on. As ever increasing features continue to be integrated into these products, there is an ongoing need to develop innovative ways to reduce power consumption and extend battery life. Only through continual process and circuit cooptimization are we able to reap the benefits of technology scaling required to meet the feature and performance demands in the face of increasing process variations and exponentially increasing leakage currents. As a result, SmartReflex power and performance technologies have been developed and applied to 90 nm, 65 nm, and 45 nm system-on-chip (SoC), to achieve optimal power and performance. SmartReflex technologies consist of two major components to optimize SoC power and performance: static and dynamic techniques. Static techniques like power-gating, retention and off-mode are used to lower leakage and allow for extended battery lifetimes for standby times. Dynamic techniques such as dynamic power switching, adaptive voltage scaling, dynamic voltage/frequency scaling with split-rail memories, and adaptive body-biasing address active power and performance challenges. These techniques enable SoC solutions with the performance of the latest process technology and provide the user with advanced multimedia features with orders of magnitude of power reduction.