This paper proposes a series-parallel bond wire auxiliary fully integrated step-up switched-capacitor (SC) converter with conversion ratio expansion to improve the trade-off between power loss and output voltage ripple. The series-parallel switching strategy reduces the burden of delivering charges in a 1:2 SC and also extends the output-input voltage ratio range. In addition, the$\text{L}_{\mathbf {BOND}}$mismatch calibration (LMC) technique can eliminate the mismatch between bond wires. Moreover, the binary flying capacitor scaling technique automatically optimizes the capacitance of the flying capacitor to ensure a well-controlled output voltage ripple over a wide load range. With only 250pF total capacitors in use, the experimental results show a well-controlled ripple under 23.86mV and efficiency greater than 75% over a load range of 1mA to 20mA. Furthermore, this technique has a smooth efficiency profile within an input voltage level of 0.63V to 0.9V with a peak efficiency of 85% and an output voltage of 0.95V.

The enterprise customer's demands for telecom applications often vary from case to case and contain many customization needs. In order to meet the demands of enterprise customers, many project-based sales cases have been carried by the telecom carriers. It is important to build up a company-wide standard process to help the telecom carrier effectively manage these sales cases. In addition, a good sales process could help the sales team of telecom carrier to run the sales cases in the most efficient way and help the sales manager to monitor the sales cases and forecast the revenues explicitly. Based on the sales processes defined in eTOM, a sales process management approach is proposed and an experimental information system is implemented in order to manage the project-based sales cases and to verify the effectiveness of this sales process management approach.

Due to the flexibility and scalability in cloud computing, cloud computing nowadays plays an important role to handle a large-scale data analysis. For data processing operations, several cloud data managements (CDMs), such as HBase and Cassandra, are developed. Such CDMs usually provide key-value storages, where each key is used to access its corresponding value. Both HBase and Cassandra provide some basic operations (e.g., Get, Scan) to retrieve the values via keys specified by users. The exiting CDMs fully inherit the characteristics of cloud computing (i.e., high scalability and availability). With the aforementioned characteristics of cloud computing, CDMs are widely employed for Web data, especially for search engines. However, with the proliferation of smart phones and location-based services, data with spatial information, referring as spatial data, are dramatically increasing. Consequently, how to formulate keys for spatial data in the existing CDMs is a challenge issue. In this paper, we develop several key formulation schemes. In particular, we propose a novel Key formulation scheme based on R+-tree (abbreviated as KR+-index). With our design for keys of spatial data, the existing CDMs are able to efficiently retrieve spatial data. In light of KR+-tree, two spatial queries, k-NN query and range query, are designed. Moreover, we implement the proposed key formulation schemes on HBase and Cassandra, and import real spatial data for spatial queries. The experimental results demonstrate that KR+-tree outperforms other existing key formulations and MD-HBase.