Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained significant adoption due to their advantages over conventional vehicles. The Photovoltaic Inductive Wireless Power Transfer (PV-IWPT) system combines wireless charging technology with photovoltaic panels to provide clean, solar-powered EV charging. However, varying distances between the ground and EV chassis create inconsistent coupling coefficients, causing fluctuating optimal load conditions for the IWPT converter and making it challenging to maintain peak efficiency without manual recalibration. This paper introduces a Ground-to-Chassis distance adaptive control approach for PV-IWPT systems that simultaneously achieve Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for solar harvesting and Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking (MEPT) for power transfer across different ground-to-chassis distances. The system automatically adapts to positional variations without requiring hardware adjustments. We validate our approach through theoretical analysis and experimental verification using a 500-W test platform under multiple distance configurations and solar shading conditions, demonstrating its practical viability for real-world applications.

Thyristor-controlled LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (TCLC-HAPF) offers low DC-link voltage and a wide reactive power compensation range, making it a promising solution for power quality compensation in medium-voltage power systems. Recently, conventional finite-set model predictive control (FS-MPC) was proposed to control the TCLC-HAPF. It requires state prediction and enumeration/rolling optimization for obtaining optimal inverter voltage vector, which is computationally intensive. This paper proposes a finite-set simplified model predictive control (FS-SMPC) that eliminates the prediction and enumeration processes, therefore reducing computational burden. Simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed FS-SMPC.

Conventional wireless power transfer (WPT) systems struggle to maintain constant voltage output under wide input voltage variations, such as battery-powered devices and renewable energy systems where voltages fluctuate due to load changes and environmental conditions. This paper addresses the challenge of maintaining constant voltage output under a tenfold input voltage range. The proposed adaptive full-bridge/half-bridge (FB/HB) dynamic modulation switching topology with asymmetric PWM (APWM). Comparing dynamic table lookup control (LUC) with the proposed method shows superior output voltage stability with reduced overshoot. The system achieves constant voltage regulation through single-stage modulation across the entire ten-fold input range that enables robust wireless power delivery.

In electric vehicle wireless power transfer systems, misalignment between primary and secondary coils commonly occurs, resulting in mutual inductance fluctuations that decrease transfer efficiency. To overcome this problem, this paper proposed a novel misalignment-tolerant coil design combining quadrupolar trapezoidal coils with unipolar square coils on the secondary side. These two sets of coils are connected in series through a diode rectifier, making the equivalent mutual inductance equal to the sum of their absolute mutual inductance values. When perfectly aligned, the unipolar square coils maintain good coupling with the transmitter coil while the quadrupolar trapezoidal coils remain decoupled. During misalignment, as the mutual inductance between unipolar coils and the transmitter decreases, the mutual inductance between quadrupolar coils and the transmitter increases. This complementary relationship maintains a nearly constant total equivalent mutual inductance, providing exceptional misalignment tolerance and stable system output. Simulation results show mutual inductance fluctuation of only 2.60%, with experimental verification demonstrating 3.11%. The output voltage fluctuation in simulation is just 2.51%, while the system achieves a peak efficiency of 95.52%.

This paper proposes an inductor-first two-inductor two-flying-capacitor (2L2C) multi-path hybrid DC-DC Converter. The proposed converter operates with a switching frequency of 2MHz, an input voltage range of 3 V to 5 V, and an output range between 0.8 V and 1.2 V using only 2-V NMOS power transistors. This hybrid DC-DC topology enables continuous input current and thus alleviates electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues. The two inductors operate in an interleaved manner, reducing the output current ripple. The switched-capacitor network decreases the average inductor current. This work is simulated in a 180-nm BCD process. Both inductors are 470nH with 29-mΩ DCR, while both flying capacitors are 10μF with 10-mΩ ESR. We obtain a peak efficiency of 96.89% at 400 mA load for a 4V-to-1V conversion.

Conventional noise-shaping (NS) SAR ADCs require a high-quality power supply provided by the power management system consisting of a DC-DC converter and a low dropout (LDO) regulator. However, the LDO’s dropout voltage limits the power system’s efficiency. To enhance efficiency, this paper proposes removing the LDO. Nevertheless, the voltage ripple generated by the DC-DC converter will directly inject into the ADC, causing two issues: 1) ripple modulation with signal, generates modulation tones that affect the linearity, and 2) ripple modulation with shaped-quantization-noise, folding into baseband and increasing in-band noise. To mitigate these errors, we propose a proper frequency management scheme based on oversampling and a low-pass filter (LPF) integrated into the noise transfer function (NTF) of the NS-SAR. This paper implements a 2-channel time-interleaved (TI) NS-SAR ADC with 2nd-order NS and 2nd-order LPF. The prototype, fabricated in a 28nm CMOS process, operates with 1V provided by a boost DC-DC converter with 0.55V input. It achieves an 80-dB-SNDR over a 3-MHz-BW, operating at a sampling rate of 330MS/s with the DC-DC converter switching frequency of 145MHz. The total system consumes 3.59mW, with the ADC itself consuming 3.02mW, and exhibits a Schreier FoM (FoMS) of 170 dB. By removing LDO, the total system efficiency reaches 84.1%.

In this paper, a model predictive robust control (MPRC) is proposed for a three-phase capacitive-coupling grid-connect inverter (CGCI) to improve the power quality compensation performance under deviating system parameters. A detail stability study and parameter design of the proposed MPRC is provided, while the robustness and power quality compensation performance of the proposed MPRC are verified by the simulation in comparison to the conventional model predictive control (MPC).

Currently, electric vehicle (EV) battery platforms typically vary in standard, commonly rated at either 800V or 400V. Conventional wireless charging system (WCS) are limited to single voltage level charging, necessitating wireless communication or additional complex circuits for achieving multi-voltage level charging, which can compromise operational stability and overall efficiency. This article proposes a WCS based on the concept of bipolar partial power conversion. By incorporating reversing series switches on the secondary of the DC/DC converter, regulation voltage control enables switching between positive and negative polarity to supply power to either 800V or 400V battery for EV. This approach ensures high power transmission efficiency, without relying on wireless communication, thereby ensuring stable charging process. Furthermore, this article also presents various combinations of bipolar topologies that can be selectively employed based on application requirements. Finally, simulation results validate the feasibility of the proposed 3.2KW WCS.

For inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, the loosely coupled transformer (LCT) is a crucial component. Variations in the air gap can lead to fluctuations in the parameters of the LCT, such as self-inductance and mutual inductance, caused by positional deviations of the ferrite cores on both sides. However, such variable LCT parameters can damage the resonant tank, thus impacting transmission efficiency and output stability. To address this issue, this paper proposes a self-tuning S/S IPT system based on switch-controlled capacitors (SCCs). The system utilizes gradient descent methods independently on double-side to achieve decoupled tuning control. This approach effectively mitigates the impact of LCT parameter fluctuations without requiring wireless communication. Furthermore, all switches in the system operate at fixed frequencies and implement soft switching. Finally, a prototype is constructed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed system.

The hybrid active power filter (HAPF) emerges as a cost-effective remedy for power quality challenges in medium voltage power systems. The success of HAPF, crucially, hinges on the efficacy of its current control mechanism. This paper introduces a novel approach by proposing a deterministic policy gradient based reinforcement learning (DPG-RL) as the current control strategy for HAPF. In stark contrast to conventional model-based control methods, the DPG-RL leverages artificial intelligence (AI) technology, rendering it model-free and capable of dynamically seeking the optimal control policy to enhance HAPF performance. A notable advantage lies in its significantly lower computational burden during each sampling period, distinguishing it from other contemporary AI-aided control methods. The paper outlines a systematic design process, encompassing feature selection and reward function design, to formulate the RL problem. The comprehensive design procedure of DPG-RL is then detailed. Simulation results are subsequently presented, validating the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed DPG-RL across diverse operational scenarios.

Due to the capacitor being a critical component that is prone to failure in switch mode power supplies (SMPS), it is critical to identify and monitor the electrical parameters, namely the equivalent series resistance (ESR) and capacitance (C). This research proposes an online identification approach for capacitor ESR and C for continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) DC-DC buck converters. The calculation model is developed from the ripple component of capacitor voltage. By sampling the ripple component of capacitor voltage at the switch on or switch off moment, and capturing the first zero crossing time of the ripple component of capacitor voltage. This identification method does not use any current sensor and is effective for CCM and DCM buck converters working under different circuit parameters. The implementation of the proposed identification method is provided, and the details of implementation are provided. The simulation results verify the proposed identification method is effeteness.

This work presents a 0.4-V supply, 12-nW reverse bandgap voltage reference (BGR) with single BJT and indirect curvature compensation. To achieve sub-0.5V operation, the proposed BGR employs the reverse BGR based complementary-to-absolute-temperature (CTAT) voltage generator, which does not suffer from the settling error and thus reducing the biasing current for the BJT. The reduction in BJT biasing current can reduce the power consumption, thus relieving the burden on the$2\times $charge pump as well, in which the minimum supply voltage of the proposed BGR decreases down to 0.4 V. In this paper, we employ a differential pair proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) voltage generator to provide a sufficiently large PTAT voltage. To suppress the temperature coefficient (TC) under limited power and voltage budgets, we propose using a nA level PTAT plus nonlinear current to bias both the BJT and PTAT voltage generator. This approach provides an indirect voltage curvature compensation. The proposed reverse BGR fabricated in 65 nm CMOS, occupies an active area of 0.0470 mm2. Measurement results from 8 chips show an average reference voltage of 487.4 mV under 0.4 V supply, with an average TC of 28.4 ppm/°C over a temperature range from -40°C to 100°C, while consuming only 12 nW power.

In this paper, a multi-quasi-proportional-resonant control (MQPRC) for a three-phase capacitive-coupling grid-connect inverter (CGCI) with accurate active power injection technique is proposed to mitigate the current harmonics and improve the active power injection accuracy. Then, a detail parameter design of the proposed MQPRC is provided. And the proposed accurate active power injection is verified by the simulation. Subsequently, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed MQPRC, the simulation results are presented in comparison to the quasi-proportional-resonant control (QPRC).

The use of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) in oceanography research is widespread due to their ability to provide real-time data. Due to the limited battery size, recharging operations including plugging and unplugging decrease the overall utilization of the USV. To address this issue, wireless power transfer (WPT) can be implemented by installing coils at the dock and inside the USV. In this paper, a three-coil WPT system is designed for offshore USV wireless charging applications. The proposed three-coil structure is designed to ensure adequate coupling and achieve high transfer efficiency. Aiming to meet practical battery charging specifications, LCC-S-S compensation topology is analyzed with detailed parameter design to provide constant current output. Finally, simulations are conducted to verify the coupling and output characteristics of the system.

The wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to provide a convenient and efficient method to charging electronic devices without the need for physical connections. In wireless charging, the inductive coils are significantly important as they are the component that power transfer takes place. In this context, Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) has emerged as a promising technique for designing WPT coils with improved performance. Aiming to verify the performance of the designed coil, LCC-S compensation topology was utilized as it can provide practical battery charging specifications.

Smart meter monitors electricity consumption through modern metering devices connected to the Internet via Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which can provide intelligent and fast applications on-site such as arc fault protection based on nonintrusive monitoring load classification with fast safety responses for varying electric loads. Traditional three, four, and five layers of the IoT architecture cannot support such fast responses under loading variation. This article aims to propose six layers of IoT Cloud-Edge Infrastructure equipped with a reconfigurable mixed-signal controller as a smart meter platform for adaptation to different environments and, for example, deal with fast arc fault detection corresponding to different load characteristics. Such an architecture can reduce the processing time for safety, reduce bandwidth for communication, improve arc detection accuracy under different loading environments, and lower the overall computation cost.

This paper presents a high-efficiency continuous-output-current buck-boost (COCBB) converter with a single buck-boost mode operation. The proposed COCBB comprises one flying capacitor ($\mathbf {C}_{\mathbf {F}}$), one power inductor ($\mathbf {L}$), and five power switches ($\mathbf {S}_{\mathbf {1}}$to$\mathbf {S}_{\mathbf {5}}$). With the help of a flying capacitor, the proposed COCBB converter allows its power inductor to continuously deliver output current while achieving a wide conversion ratio range of$\mathbf {D/(1-D)}$, without right-half-plane-zero (RHPZ). With the continuous output current delivery, the circuit exhibits a small output voltage ripple, good transient response and high efficiency. We employ a double clock timing (DCT) control method to obtain a smooth controller-mode transition between the DCT control and pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control for different load conditions. Fabricated in$0.18\mu \text{m}$CMOS, the prototype chip regulates an output voltage of 1.6 V from a 1.4 V to 1.8 V input range and revealing an undershoot/overshoot of 90/30 mV under the load transient steps between$100\mu \text{A}$and 900mA. The measured output ripple is only 10 mV with a loading current of 400 mA. Also, the converter manifests a peak efficiency and a current density of 95.5% and 0.46 A/mm2, respectively.

This paper presents a segmented curvature-compensated bandgap voltage reference (BGR) with low temperature coefficient (TC) and power consumption across a wide temperature range. In this work, we achieve temperature segmentation by comparing voltage instead of current, as in the conventional method, significantly reducing power consumption. Furthermore, we examine the trade-off between TC and power consumption, focusing on optimizing the number of temperature segments. In the core circuit, we utilize a regulated cascode current mirror to minimize channel length modulation induced error existing in the current-based BGR topology. We also introduce a replica structure to prevent oscillation and design comparators with the hysteresis characteristic to address noise influence. The proposed BGR, implemented in 65 nm CMOS, occupies an active area of 0.058 mm2. Measurement results of 6 chips show that the achieved reference voltage of 431.3 mV under 1 V supply has the best TC of 8.7 ppm/°C over a temperature range of −40 °C to 90 °C, consuming 740 nW at 20 °C.

In this paper, an improved model predictive control (MPC) is proposed for a single-phase LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF), which ensures the low steady-state error and fast transient response. Generally, the intrinsic discretized and predictive error of the traditional MPC for the LC-HAPF enlarges the steady-state error. To relax this problem, a signal correction technique is proposed, and therefore reduce the steady-state error. Then, the parameter design of the proposed improved MPC for the LC-HAPF is given based on the stability analysis. Finally, simulated results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the improved MPC compared with the traditional MPC.

Compared with the conventional constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging profile of Li-ion battery, multi-stage constant current (MSCC) charging profile that composed of different constant current stages can improve the charging rate. This paper proposes a MSCC charging profile for an inductive power transfer (IPT) converter with LCC-S compensation topology. However, the wide load range variation during charging process impacts the transfer efficiency of the IPT converter. Thus, aiming to improve the transfer efficiency throughout the whole MSCC charging process, a bivariate operation approach is proposed with a variable inductance to achieve different constant current stages, while the voltage-controlled semi-active rectifier (VCSAR) is controlled to ensure the converter’s efficiency optimization. Finally, simulation study is conducted based on PSIM software simulation to verify the validity and effectiveness of the bivariate control strategy and MSCC charging for the LCC-S compensated IPT converter.

48th Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society-IECON-Annual -- OCT 17-20, 2022 -- Brussels, BELGIUM

Compared with traditional active power filter (APF), the dc-link voltage of LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF) is lower, thus reducing the system cost and power loss. In order to improve the compensation performance of the LC-HAPF, many current controllers have been proposed in recent decade, which are hysteresis current control (HCC), quasi-proportional-resonant control (QPRC), deadbeat current control (DBCC), second-order sliding-mode control (SOSMC), vector proportional-integral current control (VPIC) and improved model predictive control (IMPC). In this paper, the model of these six controllers will be first reviewed and introduced. After that, their corresponding parameters design methodology are given. Finally, simulation results will be given to compare their compensation performance and summarize their characteristics.

In lithium-ion (li-ion) battery charging process, multistage constant-current (MSCC) charging can effectively increase the charging capacity with less charging time compared with the conventional constant current-to-constant voltage (CC-to-CV) charging in wired charging. This paper proposes and designs a MSCC charging strategy for the wireless power transfer system. By using the LCC-S compensation topology for the inductive power transfer (IPT) converter, the current gain is designed with mathematical derivation to achieve load-independent current output with zero phase angle (ZPA) according to the MSCC charging pattern. Phase-shift modulation (PSM) is adopted to control the input DC-link of the WPT system to achieve different current outputs according to different CC stages. Finally, the charging system is simulated to verify the correctness of the design and the feasibility of the proposed WPT system with MSCC charging. The maximum efficiency of the system is 92.4% and the time-averaged efficiency is 91.3%.

Thyristor-controlled LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (TCLC-HAPF) is a promising current quality compensator in the medium-voltage-level power system, which is characterized by a wide operational range and low DC-link voltage. Based on the simplified discrete model, this paper proposes a deadbeat current control (DBCC) scheme for the TCLC-HAPF. The proposed controller can lead TCLC-HAPF to be operating at a fixed switching frequency and track the reference compensating current accurately with a fast transient response. Simulation studies under both balanced and unbalanced load conditions are conducted to verify the proposal.

The Hybrid DC-DC converter, especially with multiple inductors targeting high current delivery, has the advantages of high efficiency and power density with a large voltage conversion ratio (VCR), due to the combination of the benefits of both switched-capacitor-based and inductor-based buck converters. However, a higher number of inductors means that the energizing time for each inductor has more limitations, resulting in a relatively narrower VCR range. To reduce the conduction loss and extend the voltage conversion ratio scope, this paper presents a symmetrical double step-down (SDSD) converter with a VCR range up to 1/3, regulating an output voltage interval of 0.5 V-0.8 V from a 2.7 V-4.2 V Lithium-ion battery. This converter, implemented in 65 nm CMOS, occupies a core active area of 1.53 mm2. This work obtains 86.5% peak efficiency and 326 mA/mm2 maximum current density, with an effective switching frequency of 3 MHz.

This paper presents a switched-capacitor network (SCN) based bandgap voltage reference (BGR) for IoT applications. The proposed BGR employs a dual proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) clock topology to achieve both high precision and low power over a wide temperature range while relaxing the capacitor size requirements. Specifically, the fast PTAT clock assists in reducing the output voltage ripple of the dual-branch interleaved$2\times $charge pump (CP). Meanwhile, the slow PTAT clock controls the voltage divider SCN to relax the settling error at low temperature and the leakage-induced error at high temperature simultaneously, resulting in lower power consumption and smaller temperature coefficient (TC). We also propose a replica$V_{\mathrm {EB}}$generation branch in the series-parallel SCN to improve the BGR output TC due to the finite settling time during switching. Fabricated in 65nm standard CMOS, measurement results show that the proposed BGR obtains a TC of 32 ppm/°C at 0.5V supply within −40 °C to 120 °C. The line regulation is 3.3mV/V or 0.66%/V from 0.5V to 1V. Based on 10-chip measurement results, we obtain a$3\sigma / \mu $variation of 1.37% before trimming, while 0.25% after applying one-point trimming at 20°C.

The market share of renewable energy grows rapidly with the rising issues like global warming and environment pollution. As a kind of flexible and mature way to collect solar energy, photovoltaic (PV) panels have been widely installed on lands. To save precious land resources, PV panels can be installed on water to form floating-PV farm. In this paper, an inductive power transfer (IPT) converter for wireless power transmission is proposed for the floating-PV system, which can avoid of possible electrical hazard and reduce the exposure of the components, thus enhance the performance of anti-humidity and anti-salinity of the floating-PV system. However, the varying irradiance conditions caused by changeable weather of lake or seashore scenario gives challenge to the trackable range of MPPT control strategy for the IPT converter. To address this problem, an irradiance-adaptive hybrid maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategy for the floating-PV system is also proposed, which can achieve the maximum power point (MPP) of the PV panels even under a wide range of irradiance conditions. In addition, the IPT converter with the proposed MPPT control strategy does not require a DC-DC converter to achieve the MPPT in a wide irradiance range, thus saving the system cost. Finally, the IPT converter with irradiance-adaptive hybrid MPPT control strategy is theoretically analyzed, and its feasibility is verified on an experiment platform.1

Thyristor-controlled LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (TCLC-HAPF) is characterized with low DC-link voltage and wide operational range, which was recently developed for power quality conditioning in the medium-voltage-level system. This paper proposes a fuzzy logic based adaptive source current total harmonic distortion (THD) controller for the TCLC-HAPF. The proposed controller can adaptively change the hysteresis band (HB) according to the reference THD value, thereby possibly reduce the switching loss and keep the source current THD at an acceptable reference level. Simulation is conducted for verifying the proposed controller, in comparison with the fixed HB controller.

For the coils design of the inductive power transfer (IPT) system, the coils for the received-side and the transmitter-side are usually designed symmetrical in order to obtain better coupling coefficient and for simplicity. Along with a growing number of space-constrained devices, such as drones and small automated guided vehicles (AGV), much more flexible designs of receiver coil, such as asymmetrical coil designs are of great interest. Nevertheless, since power transfer efficiency of the IPT system is highly correlated with the parameters of coils, it is challenging to convert symmetrical coils into asymmetrical coils while maintaining the power transfer efficiency and the load independent output. This paper proposes a design methodology of converting symmetrical coils into asymmetrical coils for series-series inductive power transfer (SSIPT) that keeps similar transfer efficiency and maintain the load independent current (LIC) output. The analysis of coils’ parameters including the size and transfer distance is also taken into consideration, and the asymmetrical coil design flowchart is also introduced in this paper. Finally, a 30W experimental platform of the SSIPT system is built, and the experimental results verify the theoretical analysis and the practical feasibility of the proposed asymmetrical coil design.

LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF) is one of the most cost-effective solution for power quality problem in distribution networks, in which its performance is mainly affected by the current controller. Among the state-of-the-art current controllers for the LC-HAPF, the second-order sliding mode controller (SOSMC) performs a superior dynamic and steady-state performance simultaneously. However, the existing SOSMC design method did not consider the upper bound of the control parameters, which may lead to saturation effect and control performance degradation. In this paper, a SOSMC design method based on describing function (DF) is proposed, which contributes the upper bound design constraint. The DF control block diagram for the LC-HAPF enables frequency domain analysis of SOSMC. Moreover, the analytical upper bounds of the SOSMC's control parameters are provided to avoid the saturation effect. Finally, the advantages of the proposed SOSMC design based on DF are verified by simulation results compared with the existing SOSMC design method under low DC-link voltage condition.

Nowadays, automated guided vehicle (AGV) has been a key role of manufacturing and logistics, required to work with high automation. It is essential to guarantee the charging reliability of AGV for all-day work. However, in wireless battery charging applications, to utilize load-independent-current and load-independent-voltage transfer characteristics for constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) outputs respectively, existing inductive power transfer (IPT) converters either hopping the operating frequencies or switching the hybrid compensation topologies, resulting in necessity of state-of-charge detection and feedback control for the operating frequency hopping or the compensation topology switching. To improve the charging reliability of AGV by eliminating these active controls, this paper proposes an IPT converter with inherent CC-to-CV transition ability that can comply with the required charging profile of the batteries. Unity-power-factor design is also considered to minimize the voltage-ampere rating. This solution is passive, and control is unnecessary, so donating great reliability in automated guided vehicle. Experimental results are presented to verify the methodology and the performance.

Impedance-source networks refer to a series of converters to achieve a high voltage gain between source and load. Magnetically coupled impedance-source networks were proposed to obtain a higher voltage gain with less shoot-through time compared with early-proposed topologies without magnetically coupled inductors. In this paper, a new topology, named Π-source impedance network, is proposed and analyzed to improve the performance on smaller magnetic core size, wider load range and less circulating current in comparison with the conventional magnetic coupled impedance-source topologies: Y-source and Δ-source. Finally, representative simulation and experimental results are carried out to verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed Π-source impedance network.

With the characteristics of a low dc-link operating voltage of the active inverter part and thyristor controlled passive part, the hybrid-coupling grid-connected inverter (HGCI) can reduce the system and operational costs as well as extend the operational range compared with the conventional inductive-coupling grid-connected inverter (IGCI) and capacitive-coupling grid-connected inverter (CGCI) for the renewable energy generation. In this paper, a control strategy by using proportional-integral (PI) controller of the HGCI for active power injection and unbalanced non-active power compensation will be proposed and presented, which can reduce the switching current ripple and obtain better active and non-active power compensation compared with the conventional hysteresis current controller. Finally, simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the designed PI controller for the HGCI under unbalanced loads operation.

In this paper, the comparisons of different hybrid inverters are provided for power quality compensation and/or active inverter injection. In detail, the characteristics are compared for inductive coupling grid connected inverter (IGCI), capacitive coupling grid connected inverter (CGCI), static var compensator (SVC) in parallel with a CGCI (SVC//CGCI), and hybrid grid connected inverter (HGCI). The comparisons are separately provided for two applications: 1) power quality compensation 2) both power quality compensation and active power injection. In this paper, the circuit configurations of different inverters are proposed firstly. Then, the design of each hybrid inverters is provided. After that, the comparisons are provided for above mentioned applications. Finally, the simulation results are provided to verify the characteristics of different hybrid inverters.

In this paper, a voltage mode controller called Quasi proportional-resonant (Quasi-PR) controller has adopted in a three-phase capacitive-coupling grid-connected inverter (CGCI) PV system. Under CGCI structure, the function of the inverter is to compensate the reactive power as well as generate the active power to the grid with low operating dc-link voltage. The Quasi-PR controller could be effectively applied in a sinusoidal current tracking problem with low steady-state error and suppressing the system voltage disturbance at the fundamental frequency. Experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness of the suggested controller in CGCI.

Previously, the required dc-link voltage of the three-phase four-wire (3 P 4W) LC- coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF) was developed based on balanced loading condition. To extend its operation into unbalanced loading cases, this paper presents a general mathematical deduction of the LC-HAPF required dc-link voltage through the circuit models in zero-, positive- and negative-sequence (0-1-2 coordinate). However, a significant high dc-link voltage will be required to compensate both reactive and unbalanced currents when the coupling LC part is designed based on the original method. Thus, the LC-HAPF will lose its key benefit with low dc-link operating voltage, and increasing the system initial cost, switching loss and switching noise. In this paper, a novel coupling LC design method is proposed to effectively reduce the LC-HAPF dc-link voltage, which is based on the considerations in both reactive and unbalanced currents. Finally, representative simulation results of the 3P4W LC-HAPF for reactive and unbalanced currents compensation are given to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed deduced and designed methods.

Nowadays, with global development in Internet of Things (IoTs), electricity, water, and gas information readings should be done in a convenient way. However, existing smart electric meters (SM) mainly focus on the information of financial transactions (the energy bill), whereas little effort has been done to promote the instrumentation dimension of the metering infrastructure. In this paper, we propose and develop a power quality indexes (PQIs) measurement system platform with remote alarm notification for electrical systems. Compared with the existing state-of-the-art, the proposed platform requires less development and maintenance cost, exhibiting higher flexibility. In this system we include the main power quality indexes, including root-mean-square (RMS) value, active power P, reactive power Q, apparent power S, power factor (PF), fundamental power factor (PF1) and total harmonic distortion (THD). To acquire those power quality indexes, we use a anticonjugate decomposition cascaded delayed signal cancellation (ACD-CDSC) technique. At last, we provide the experimental results of PQIs in a single-phase system to verify the effectiveness of the measurement platform with remote alarm notification in comparison with the Fluke power quality analyzer.

Compared with traditional active power filter (APF), the hybrid active power filter (HAPF) can be considered as a good tradeoff between compensation range and active inverter rating. However, the load harmonic and reactive power is easily beyond the compensation range of HAPF, the HAPF with the conventional control methods cannot provide satisfactory compensation performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a selective power management control to keep the satisfactory harmonic power compensation performance and partial reactive power compensation for above situation. In this paper, the capacity of the HAPF in terms of reactive power, harmonic power and dc-link voltage is deduced firstly. Then, a selective control method is proposed to selectively manage reactive and harmonic power based on pre-designed HAPF capacity. After that, the reference compensating current can be obtained through pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the HAPF. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed selective power management control for the HAPF.

In this paper, a new structure of a single-phase hybrid active power filter (HAPF) with adaptive passive part and active part is proposed. The HAPF as a state-of-the-art power quality compensator is combining the advantage of passive filter and active filter. However, it may still suffer the high initial and operational costs situation under the capacitive load case. With the proposed topology, the reactive power and harmonics of the loading can be compensated dynamically. The structure can be applied to general household appliances including inductive and capacitive loading. Compared with the traditional APF for inductive loading compensation and HAPF for capacitive loading compensation, the proposed HAPF requires a low dc-linked voltage under both inductive and capacitive loading compensation, which can reduce the initial and operational costs. Especially, the transient condition has been analyzed when the passive part is switched to verify the feasibility of this topology. Finally, representative simulation and experimental results are presented to prove the compensation effect of this single-phase HAPF with adaptive passive part.

A 3-level boost (3LB) converter has the characteristics of higher voltage conversion efficiency, lower inductor current ripples, output voltage ripples and voltage stresses on switches when compared with the conventional boost converters in continuous conduction mode (CCM). When the 3LB is integrated on a chip, we cannot avoid its discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation due to a small inductance and load variation. In this paper we'll present and discuss the design and control of a 3LB converter in DCM operation, implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process. Transistor level simulation results show that it operates at 100 MHz with a 5nH inductor, a 4nF output capacitor and a 2.5nF fly capacitor achieving an output conversion range of 1.5 V to 2.1V from a 1.2 V input supply, with a peak efficiency of 83.2%@90mW, a load transient response of 141mV and 1.64ns/mA for undershoot, 136mV and 1.93ns/mA for overshoot, and a voltage ripple less than 60/85mV when ILoad =40/80mA with a typical and the maximum output voltage ripple of less than 90mV in the worst corner.

This paper presents the DC analysis of the Negative Output Elementary Luo Converter (NOELC), which includes the continuous-conduction mode (CCM) voltage gain and the boundary condition between the CCM and the discontinuous-conduction mode (DCM). The main features of the NOELC are the high gain with small ripple and the reverse output. Additionally, we address the parameters design of the NOELC and propose an output voltage ripple estimation method. Through MATLAB Simulink simulation, we further demonstrate that the parameters design and the output voltage estimation method can achieve more accurate results when compared with those from the conventional one.

In this paper, a new structure and the coordinated control method of a delta connected static var compensator (SVC) based hybrid active power filter (SVC-HAPF) for reactive current, harmonic current and unbalanced current compensation are proposed. The proposed delta-connected SVC-HAPF has the desirable characteristics of wide compensation range with low voltage/current rating requirement in the active inverter part. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed structure and control method.