Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) is a new usage scenario for 6G. To enable studying ISAC solutions, standardization bodies such as European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) require specified ISAC channel models. 3GPP has been studying changes to the existing TR 38.901 channel models to model radio-frequency (RF) signal interactions between the transmitter, sensing target, receiver, and surrounding environment. In parallel, ETSI has been working on additional features to further support channel modelling for the rich variety of ISAC use cases envisioned in 6G. In this paper, we present an outline of the latest developments from industry and further provide an evaluation framework for assessing the models.

Measuring rotation speed is essential to many engineering applications; it elicits faults undetectable by vibration monitoring alone and enhances the vibration signal analysis of rotating machines. Optical, magnetic or mechanical Tachometers are currently state-of-art. Their limitations are they require line-of-sight, direct access to the rotating object. This paper proposes RFTacho, a rotation speed measurement system that leverages novel hardware and signal processing algorithms to produce highly accurate readings con-veniently. RFTacho uses RF Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) waves to measure rotation speed of multiple machines simultane-ously with no requirements from the machine's properties. OAM antennas allow it to operate in high-scattering environments, com-monly found in industries, as they are resilient to de-polarization compared to linearly polarized antennas. RFTacho achieves this by using two novel signal processing algorithms to extract the rotation speed of several rotating objects simultaneously amidst noise arising from high-scattering environments, non-line-of-sight scenarios and dynamic environmental conditions with a resolution of 1rpm. We test RFTacho on several real-world machines like fans, motors, air conditioners. Results show that RFTacho has avg. error of < 0.5% compared to ground truth. We demonstrate RFTacho's simultaneous multiple-object measurement capability that other tachometers do not have. Initial experiments show that RFTacho can measure speeds as high as 7000 rpm (theoretically 60000 rpm) with high resiliency at different coverage distances and orientation angles, requiring only 150 mW transmit power while operating in the 5 GHz license-exempt band. RFTacho is the first RF-based sensing system that combines OAM waves and novel processing approaches to measure the rotation speed of multiple machines simultaneously in a non-intrusive way.

Several engineering applications require reliable rotation speed measurement for their correct functioning. The rotation speed measurements can be used to enhance the machines' vibration signal analysis and can also elicit faults undetectable by vibration monitoring alone. The current state of the art sensors for rotation speed measurement are optical, magnetic and mechanical tachometers. These sensors require line-of-sight and direct access to the machine which limits their use-cases. In this demo, we showcase Cognisense, an RF-based hardware-software sensing system that uses Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) waves to accurately measure a machine's rotation speed. Cognisense uses a novel compact patch antenna in a monostatic radar configuration capable of transmitting and receiving OAM waves in the 5GHz license-exempt band. The demo will show Cognisense working on machines with varied numbers of blades, sizes and materials. We will also present how Cognisense operates reliably in non-line-of-sight scenarios where traditional tachometers fail. We demonstrate how Cognisense works well in high-scattering scenarios and is not impacted by the material of rotor blades. Unlike optical tachometers that require one to face the machine head-on, Our demo will also show Cognisense performing reliably in the presence of a tilt angle between the system and the machine which is not possible with optical tachometers.

Broadband power line communication (BPLC) and television white space (TVWS) are regarded as promising candidates for indoor broadband applications of the Internet of Things. However, they share the access to the very high frequency (VHF) band, which could cause harmful interference and performance degradation to each other. In this paper, a TVWS regulated BPLC system is proposed for point-to-multipoint downlink communication, which integrates the requirement of primary user sensing and the permissible transmission power spectral density (PSD) for TVWS users into the BPLC standard, regarding VHF band access. This integration guarantees minimum interference level between TVWS and BPLC and allows higher transmission PSD for BPLC users in VHF, and hence higher capacity and coverage for BPLC.

Broadband power line communication (BPLC) is a promising technology for indoor broadband communication networks. However, BPLC has restricted transmission power in the very high frequency (VHF) band in order to avoid harmful interference to existing wireless services. In this paper, a new hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is proposed between BPLC and TV white space (TVWS) channels to enhance the system capacity over BPLC in VHF. In order to satisfy the interference limit at the TV primary user (PU) receiver (Rx), an iterative precoding algorithm is proposed to enhance the overall ergodic capacity. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid system over the previous cognitive BPLC system.