High-rise residential buildings have complex structures and long evacuation routes, which further exacerbate the challenges in fire safety. Existing fire evacuation studies rarely pay attention to the influence of smoke diffusion and building layout on the visibility of evacuees and also ignore the modeling of heterogeneous human behavior based on composite factors such as psychological, social, and group dynamics. In this study, we construct a multiagent evacuation model for high-rise building fires that integrates environmental conditions, individual cognition, mobility, and information dissemination. First, we employ agent-based modeling and categorize agents into strong cognitive, weak cognitive, altruistic, and self-oriented types to model their internal drives. Second, we establish a vision loss model based on fire environment perception to depict the vision field of the agents. Furthermore, a mobility evolution model is proposed to represent behavioral decisions and movement speed under the influence of internal drives and vision fields. Finally, an information dissemination model is developed based on the decision-making patterns of the agents in complex scenarios. The evacuation model is ultimately formed through the combination of the mobility evolution model and the information dissemination model. In the experimental design, by simulating the combination ratio of different internal drive agents, different vision conditions, and information dissemination methods, the impact of the proposed model on the fire evacuation performance is analyzed. Results indicate that the internal drive model of the agents significantly impacts evacuation efficiency. The vision loss model and the mobility evolution model are the core elements for agents’ precise environmental perception and accurately feedback. Accurate and immediate coordination between official broadcasts and social dissemination can increase the evacuation efficiency by 13%. Therefore, this model provides a theoretical basis for the design of smoke exhaust in high-rise buildings, the development of intelligent evacuation systems, and the optimization of information dissemination strategies.

Unfair recommendations stem from user-sensitive attributes and information transmission biases. Graph-structured data can provide more balanced information for fair recommendations by capturing multidimensional user–item interactions. However, graph-based fair recommendation still faces some challenges: Traditional graphs rely on static edge-connected topology, struggling to dynamically update many-to-many relationships, which impairs the long-term fairness modeling; Most existing graph mining algorithms overlook individual differences arising from filtered sensitive information, thereby exacerbating the fairness-accuracy tradeoff; Hypergraph neural networks’ propagation relies on structural density, while sparse connections reduce it, leading to inaccurate representations in sparse regions and uneven diffusion. To address these issues, we propose a structure-aware fair recommendation approach based on counterfactual dynamic hypergraphs (FairCH). First, we propose a multidimensional user fairness model that captures many-to-many higher-order user–item relationships and their preference-fairness co-evolution via dynamic hypergraphs. Second, sensitive information is filtered through adversarial learning, and counterfactual hyperedges is reconstructed by counterfactual reasoning, compensating for information loss. Finally, a cross-hierarchy structure-aware model is proposed, which extracts counterfactual fairness layers, global preference layers, and shared evolution layers from hypergraphs and integrates them via an inter-layer interactive attention mechanism to enhance information propagation and mitigate structural biases. Experimental results demonstrate that FairCH exhibits superior recommendation performance to the baselines.

Currently, the increasing information overload on Massive Open Online Courses(MOOCs) inhibits the appropriate choice of learning objects by learners, leading to low efficiency and high dropout rates. However, in MOOC platforms, recommendation network structures that can selectively extract implicit features such as heterogeneous learning preference and knowledge organization of learning objects are still not comprehensively studied. To this end, we propose a learning object recommendation model namely ACGCN based on heterogeneous learning behavior and knowledge graph. By introducing an attention mechanism, information is amplified when updating the representation of the heterogeneous graph, which eliminates the impact of noise and improves the robustness of ACGCN. Experimental results using a real-world dataset revealed that our proposed model has the best performance compared to those of several existing baselines.

Besides data sparsity and cold start, recommender systems often face the problems of selection bias and exposure bias. These problems influence the accuracy of recommendations and easily lead to overrecommendations. This paper proposes a recommendation approach based on heterogeneous network and dynamic knowledge graph (HN-DKG). The main steps include (1) determining the implicit preferences of users according to user’s cross-domain and cross-platform behaviors to form multimodal nodes and then building a heterogeneous knowledge graph; (2) Applying an improved multihead attention mechanism of the graph attention network (GAT) to realize the relationship enhancement of multimodal nodes and constructing a dynamic knowledge graph; and (3) Leveraging RippleNet to discover user’s layered potential interests and rating candidate items. In which, some mechanisms, such as user seed clusters, propagation blocking, and random seed mechanisms, are designed to obtain more accurate and diverse recommendations. In this paper, the public datasets are used to evaluate the performance of algorithms, and the experimental results show that the proposed method has good performance in the effectiveness and diversity of recommendations. On the MovieLens-1M dataset, the proposed model is 18%, 9%, and 2% higher than KGAT on F1, NDCG@10, and AUC and 20%, 2%, and 0.9% higher than RippleNet, respectively. On the Amazon Book dataset, the proposed model is 12%, 3%, and 2.5% higher than NFM on F1, NDCG@10, and AUC and 0.8%, 2.3%, and 0.35% higher than RippleNet, respectively.

The key to crossview geolocalization is to match images of the same target from different viewpoints, e.g., images from drones and satellites. It is a challenging problem due to the changing appearance of objects from variable viewpoints. Most existing methods focus mainly on extracting global features or on segmenting feature maps, causing the loss of information contained in the images. To address the above issues, we propose a new ConvNeXt-based method called MCCG, which stands for Multiple Classifier for Cross-view Geolocalization. The proposed method captures rich discriminative information by cross-dimension interaction and acquires multiple feature representations, realizing a comprehensive feature representation. Additionally, the robustness of the model is improved crediting the multiple feature representations exploiting more contextual information despite position shifting or scale variations. Extensive experiments on the widely used public benchmarks University-1652 and SUES-200 demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance in both drone-view target localization and drone navigation applications by over 3% compared to existing methods. Our code and model are available athttps://github.com/mode-str/crossview.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have received unprecedented attention, in which learners can obtain a large number of learning objects anytime and anywhere. However, the increasing information overload on MOOCs inhibits the appropriate choice of learning objects by learners, leading to a low efficiency and high dropout rates in the learning process of this human-computer interaction scenario. E-learning recommendation systems have been studied to present learning objects directly to learners, thereby relieving such problem. However, in MOOC platforms, recommendation network structures which can selectively extract implicit feature such as heterogeneous learning preference and knowledge organization of learning objects are still not comprehensively studied. To this end, we propose a learning object recommendation model based on heterogeneous learning behavior and knowledge graph. To generate a unified representation of each entity and relation, we first propose an Attentive Composition based Graph Convolutional Network (ACGCN). By introducing an attention mechanism, information is amplified when updating the representation of the heterogeneous graph, which eliminates the impact of noise and improves the robustness of the model. Then, a Dense Feature based Operation-Aware Network (DFOAN) is utilized to capture implicit and complex learners’ interactive behaviors, and to further provide a recommendation. Experimental results using two real-world datasets revealed that our proposed model has the best precision, recall, F1, and accuracy scores compared to those of several existing models.

In e-learning recommender systems, interpersonal information between learners is very scarce, which makes it difficult to apply collaborative filtering (CF) techniques to achieve recommendations. In this study, we propose a hybrid filtering recommendation approach (SI - IFL) combining learner influence model (LIM), self-organization based (SOB) recommendation strategy, and sequential pattern mining (SPM) together for recommending learning objects (LOs) to learners. The method works as follows: (i) LIM is applied to acquire the interpersonal information by computing the influence that a learner exerts on others. LIM consists of learner similarity, knowledge credibility, and learner aggregation, meanwhile, LIM is independent of ratings. Furthermore, to address the uncertainty and fuzzy natures of learners, intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IFL) is applied to optimize the LIM. (ii) A SOB recommendation strategy is applied to recommend the optimal learner cliques for active learners by simulating the influence propagation among learners. Influence propagation means that a learner can move towards active learners, and such behaviors can stimulate the moving behaviors of his/her neighbors. This SOB recommendation approach achieves a stable structure based on distributed and bottom-up behaviors of individuals. (iii) SPM is applied to decide the final learning objects (LOs) and navigational paths based on the recommended learner cliques. The experimental results demonstrate that SI - IFL can provide personalized and diversified recommendations, and it shows promising efficiency and adaptability in e-learning scenarios.

The optimization of urban drain layout plays an important role to the protection of water ecosystem and urban environment. The paper puts forward a method to properly locate urban drain using population based incremental learning (PBIL) algorithm. The main factors such as regional containing sewage capacity, sewage disposal capacity quantity limit of drains within specific area are considered as constraint conditions. Analytic hierarchy process is used to obtain weight of single factor, and spatial analysis of environmental influencing factors is carried on based on GIS. The method is applied to actual engineering. The results have proved urban drain layout using GIS and PBIL algorithm excels traditional method and it can protect the urban environment efficiently and ensure the healthy development of water ecosystem successfully.