In this paper, we propose an efficient sinusoidal model of polyphonic audio signals especially good for the application of timescale modification. One of the critical problem of sinusoidal modeling is that the signal is smeared during the synthesis frame, which is a very undesirable effect for transient parts. We solve this problem by introducing multiresolution analysis-synthesis and dynamic segmentation methods. A signal is modeled with a sinusoidal component and a noise component. A multiresolution filter bank is applied to an input signal which splits it into octave-spaced subbands without causing aliasing and then sinusoidal analysis is applied to each subband signal. To alleviate smearing of transients during synthesis, a dynamic segmentation method is applied to the subband signals that determines the optimal analysis-synthesis frame size adaptively to fit its time-frequency characteristics. To extract sinusoidal components and calculate respective parameters, a matching pursuit algorithm is applied to each analysis frame of the subband signal. A psychoacoustic model implementing frequency masking is incorporated with matching pursuit to provide a reasonable stop condition of iteration and reduce the number of sinusoids. The noise component obtained by subtracting the synthesized signal with sinusoidal components from the original signal is modeled by a line-segment model of short time spectrum envelope. For various polyphonic audio signals, the results of simulation shows the proposed sinusoidal modeling can synthesize original signals without loss of perceptual quality and do more robust and high-quality timescale modification for large scale factors.