This work explores the role of immersive learning in regards to predicting molecular structures and orbital hybridization through an Oculus Rift HMD. Specifically, this research utilizes an interactive virtual environment to help teach the concept of the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory. We developed an interactive and immersive simulation in which participants constructed virtual molecules. Following the simulation, participants were asked to identify shapes of similar molecules to measure their understanding of the theory as compared to a control group. Finally, participants answered the Game Experience Questionnaire to assess the level of Immersion. The results show that our immersive virtual reality (IVR) experience improves comprehension of three dimensional structures in chemistry.

Test reduction has long been seen as critical for automated testing. However, traditional test reduction simply reduces the length of a test, but does not attempt to reduce semantic complexity. This paper extends previous efforts with algorithms for normalizing and generalizing tests. Rewriting tests into a normal form can reduce semantic complexity and even remove steps from an already delta-debugged test. Moreover, normalization dramatically reduces the number of tests that a reader must examine, partially addressing the ``fuzzer taming'' problem of discovering distinct faults in a set of failing tests. Generalization, in contrast, takes a test and reports what aspects of the test could have been changed while preserving the property that the test fails. Normalization plus generalization aids understanding of tests, including tests for complex and widely used APIs such as the NumPy numeric computation library and the ArcPy GIS scripting package. Normalization frequently reduces the number of tests to be examined by well over an order of magnitude, and often to just one test per fault. Together, ideally, normalization and generalization allow a user to replace reading a large set of tests that vary in unimportant ways with reading one annotated summary test.