The paper presents the design of a controller for an Isolated DC-DC Boost Converter with voltage doubler (IBVD) topology, utilizing the Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) tuning method. The presence of load variations and disturbances in the power electronic converters used in Electric Vehicles (EV) necessitates the use of a controller to ensure stable operation. Moreover, achieving a smooth and safe driving experience requires improvements in the transient response. This work address these challenges by demonstrating an efficient controller design for voltage regulation. To validate its effectiveness, the controller is tested using FPGA-enabled hardware-in-loop (HIL) technique, where the controller is implemented on the FPGA while the converter operates in a simulated environment using MATLAB Simulink. The results demonstrate that the controller successfully achieves the desired steady state and transient output both for stable operation and load variations.

This paper presents the application of a low-loss PWM method called 240° clamped space vector PWM (240CPWM) in hybrid electric propulsion (HEP) aircrafts. 240CPWM allows 85% reduction in switching loss at unity power factor which improves the inverter efficiency significantly as compared to conventional space vector PWM (CSVPWM). 240CPWM requires a unique six-pulse dynamically varying DC link voltage which is regulated by a close loop control in DC-DC converter. In HEP aircrafts, DC-DC converter is often implemented between battery packs and inverter to regulate the charging and discharging of the battery which allows the use of 240CPWM without adding any components or changing the powertrain architecture. Besides higher voltages and power in HEP aircrafts as compared to hybrid electric vehicles, the fundamental frequency is also very high which makes the control of dynamic DC link voltage challenging. PLECS simulation results of a HEP aircraft at 250 kW and fundamental frequency of 300 Hz are shown with power efficiency of 98.7% for DC-AC stage with 240CPWM. Experimental result at 5 kW and fundamental frequency of 300 Hz shows a precise control of six-pulse dynamic DC link voltage. The inverter efficiency from experimental prototype for 240CPWM is 98.5% whereas it reduces to 97% for CSVPWM. Hence, 240CPWM is a viable PWM method for HEP aircrafts that results in substantial savings in power losses in the DC-AC stage as compared to CSVPWM.

Performance evaluation and experimental validation of space vector PWM techniques with DC link voltage control in cascaded architecture of DC-DC stage followed by DC-AC stage for EV/HEV powertrain is carried out. 240°-Clamped PWM (240CPWM) and Advanced Bus Clamped PWM (ABCPWM) are the best performing PWM methods considering the combined performance of THD in line currents and efficiency. 240CPWM and ABCPWM are studied in detail both with constant and variable DC link voltage control and compared with benchmark PWM methods i.e., CSVPWM and DPWM1. Cascaded topology operation of DC-DC stage with DC-AC stage that allows the variable DC link voltage control in EV/HEV powertrain is studied in detail. Experimental results from a 10 kW hardware prototype are presented. Supremacy of one PWM method over the other is based on combined best performance in terms of THD and efficiency. 240CPWM outperforms all other PWM methods under consideration which is shown by a performance metric developed on the basis of combined performance of THD and efficiency.

This paper outlines the potential role of Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) for voltage-rise mitigation in power distribution networks in the presence of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. In particular, after analyzing the main performances of the traditional techniques currently adopted for voltage rise mitigation by reactive power compensation, a decentralized approach based on local fuzzy controllers is proposed to regulate the reactive power injected into the grid by the distributed PV systems. The proposed solution is based on a closed control loop, where the local voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) is fed at input to the FLC to decide the amount of reactive power generated by the local PV systems. The results obtained on a realistic case study are presented and discussed in order to assess the benefits deriving by the application of the proposed approach.