The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has established an effective platform to promote the collaboration of resource-limited and duty-cycle IoT nodes, in order to support relative complex service requests that can hardly be achieved by any single IoT node. The functionalities of IoT nodes are typically encapsulated into IoT services, and the satisfaction of service requests is implemented as IoT service composition. Generally, IoT nodes work in turn in terms of their prespecific working cycles, and IoT network topology is constantly varied due to their active/sleeping behavior switching, causing unscheduled response latency. IoT service composition instantiation should be dynamically adjusted and partially redeployed on-demand for supporting request processing efficiently. To remedy this issue, this article proposes a migration-oriented service redeployment (MSrD) mechanism by migrating certain IoT services from their hosted IoT nodes to neighboring ones, in order to support functionally continuous availability. We formulate this problem as a game-theoretic approach, which is reduced to a potential game, where a Nash equilibrium solution is searched for optimizing this service redeployment game. Extensive experiments are conducted, and numerical results show that our MSrD mechanism is promising, compared with the state-of-art techniques, in achieving service redeployment optimization with efficient energy consumption and timely response latency simultaneously.

A self-clocked unified voltage-and-frequency regulator (UVFR) is proposed to provide a highly correlated voltage-and-clock pair and to guarantee error-free operation of an arbitrary in-order executed digital load. Built on a digital low-dropout regulator (D-LDR), the unified control loop is highly synthesizable and adaptively clocked to achieve both fast transient response and low quiescent current. Replica frequency-locked loops (FLLs) and hysteresis switching logic (HSL) are employed to compensate for the built-in offset of conventional beat-frequency (BF) quantization and provide calibration-free regulation to tolerate global and random variations. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, the proposed UVFR reduced the voltage undershoot by 25%, reduced the steady-state offset by 84%, and achieved a 5.9X wider adaptive clocking range compared to the baseline with the help of our proposed replica FLLs and HSL.

This paper presents a partitioning scheme based on Fiduccia-Mattheyses (FM) Algorithm that targets at designing fully synthesizable spatially distributed digital low-dropout regulators (D-DLDRs) to power up a large digital system. Modeling methods of DLDRs are reviewed and applied to analyze dual and multiple distributed DLDRs. The analysis is confirmed by simulation results and suggests the advantages of using distributed DLDRs over stand-alone DLDRs.

N owadays, with the development of specialized manufacturing and growing individualized requirements, enterprises usually are required to carry out collaborative designing work and production business with plenty of suppliers. However, the existing methods could not efficiently solve the collaborative manufacturing among multi-enterprises. Motivated by this observation, a cloud-based production service platform (CPSP) that supports co-manufacturing is proposed. Under CPSP, it helps inter-enterprises carry out collaborative designing, production and execution management within a virtual enterprise circle (VEC) based on cloud. The CPSP not only provides a framework for large and medium-sized enterprises (LMEs) to break the limits of resources acquisition, but also offers many cloud-level enterprise information services to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to facilitate information technology improvement. The outcome of utilizing CPSP promotes co-programming and co-manufacturing among various enterprises, including suppliers and demanders, which can achieve a higher degree of work coordination, information sharing and reciprocal benefits.