Data pre-processing is a fundamental component in any data-driven application. With the increasing complexity of data processing operations and volume of data, Cylon, a distributed dataframe system, is developed to facilitate data processing both as a standalone application and as a library, especially for Python applications. While Cylon shows promising performance results, we experienced difficulties trying to integrate with frameworks incompatible with the traditional Message Passing Interface (MPI). While MPI implementations encompass scalable and efficient c ommunication routines, their process launching mechanisms work well with mainstream HPC systems but are incompatible with some environments that adopt their own resource management systems. In this work, we alleviated this issue by directly integrating the Unified Communication X (UCX) framework, which supports a variety of classic HPC and non-HPC process-bootstrapping mechanisms as our communication framework. While we experimented with our methodology on Cylon, the same technique can be used to bring MPI communication to other applications that do not employ MPI’s built-in process management approach.

Summary Support vector machines (SVM) is a widely used machine learning algorithm. With the increasing amount of research data nowadays, understanding how to do efficient training is more important than ever. This article discusses the performance optimizations and benchmarks related to providing high‐performance support for SVM training. In this research, we have focused on a highly scalable gradient descent‐based approach to implementing the core SVM algorithm. In providing a scalable solution, we have designed optimized high‐performance computing and dataflow‐oriented SVM implementations. A high‐performance computing approach means the algorithm is implemented with the bulk synchronous parallel (BSP) model. In addition, we analyzed the language level optimizations and math kernel optimizations on a prominent HPC modeling programming language (C++) and dataflow modeling programming language (Java). In the experiments, we compared the performance of classic HPC models, classic dataflow models, and hybrid models designed on classic HPC and dataflow programming models. Our research illustrates a scientific approach in designing the SVM algorithm at scale in classic HPC, dataflow, and hybrid systems.

Abstract Twister2 is an open‐source big data hosting environment designed to process both batch and streaming data at scale. Twister2 runs jobs in both high‐performance computing (HPC) and big data clusters. It provides a cross‐platform resource scheduler to run jobs in diverse environments. Twister2 is designed with a layered architecture to support various clusters and big data problems. In this paper, we present the cross‐platform resource scheduler of Twister2. We identify required services and explain implementation details. We present job startup delays for single jobs and multiple concurrent jobs in Kubernetes and OpenMPI clusters. We compare job startup delays for Twister2 and Spark at a Kubernetes cluster. In addition, we compare the performance of terasort algorithm on Kubernetes and bare metal clusters at AWS cloud.

Summary The dataflow model is gradually becoming the de facto standard for big data applications. While many popular frameworks are built around this model, very little research has been done on understanding its inner workings, which in turn has led to inefficiencies in existing frameworks. It is important to note that understanding the relationship between dataflow and high performance computing (HPC) building blocks allows us to address and alleviate many of these fundamental inefficiencies by learning from the extensive research literature in the HPC community. In this article, we present TSets, the dataflow abstraction of Twister2, which is a big data framework designed for high‐performance dataflow and iterative computations. We discuss the dataflow model adopted by TSets and the rationale behind implementing iteration handling at the worker level. Finally, we evaluate TSets to show the performance of the framework and the importance of the worker level iteration model.

Data-intensive applications impact many domains, and their steadily increasing size and complexity demands highperformance, highly usable environments. We integrate a set of ideas developed in various data science and data engineering frameworks. They employ a set of operators on specific data abstractions that include vectors, matrices, tensors, graphs, and tables. Our key concepts are inspired from systems like MPI, HPF (High-Performance Fortran), NumPy, Pandas, Spark, Modin, PyTorch, TensorFlow, RAPIDS(NVIDIA), and OneAPI (Intel). Further, it is crucial to support different languages in everyday use in the Big Data arena, including Python, R, C++, and Java. We note the importance of Apache Arrow and Parquet for enabling language agnostic high performance and interoperability. In this paper, we propose High-Performance Tensors, Matrices and Tables (HPTMT), an operator-based architecture for data-intensive applications, and identify the fundamental principles needed for performance and usability success. We illustrate these principles by a discussion of examples using our software environments, Cylon and Twister2 that embody HPTMT.

Trusted execution environments (TEE) such as Intel's Software Guard Extension (SGX) have been widely studied to boost security and privacy protection for the computation of sensitive data such as human genomics. However, a performance hurdle is often generated by SGX, especially from the small enclave memory. In this paper, we propose a new Hybrid Secured Flow framework (called "HySec-Flow") for large-scale genomic data analysis using SGX platforms. Here, the data-intensive computing tasks can be partitioned into independent subtasks to be deployed into distinct secured and non-secured containers, therefore allowing for parallel execution while alleviating the limited size of Page Cache (EPC) memory in each enclave. We illustrate our contributions using a workflow supporting indexing, alignment, dispatching, and merging the execution of SGX- enabled containers. We provide details regarding the architecture of the trusted and untrusted components and the underlying Scorn and Graphene support as generic shielding execution frameworks to port legacy code. We thoroughly evaluate the performance of our privacy-preserving reads mapping algorithm using real human genome sequencing data. The results demonstrate that the performance is enhanced by partitioning the time-consuming genomic computation into subtasks compared to the conventional execution of the data-intensive reads mapping algorithm in an enclave. The proposed HySec-Flow framework is made available as an open-source and adapted to the data-parallel computation of other large-scale genomic tasks requiring security and scalable computational resources.

In the current era of Big Data, data engineering has transformed into an essential field of study across many branches of science. Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have broadened the scope of data engineering and opened up new applications in both enterprise and research communities. Aggregations (also termed reduce in functional programming) are an integral functionality in these applications. They are traditionally aimed at generating meaningful information on large data-sets, and today, they are being used for engineering more effective features for complex AI models. Aggregations are usually carried out on top of data abstractions such as tables/ arrays and are combined with other operations such as grouping of values. There are frameworks that excel in the said domains individually. But, we believe that there is an essential requirement for a data analytics tool that can universally integrate with existing frameworks, and thereby increase the productivity and efficiency of the entire data analytics pipeline. Cylon endeavors to fulfill this void. In this paper, we present Cylon's fast and scalable aggregation operations implemented on top of a distributed in-memory table structure that universally integrates with existing frameworks.

Sports racing is attracting billions of audiences each year. It is powered and transformed by the latest data analysis technologies, from race car design, driving skill improvements to audience engagement on social media. However, most of the data processing are off-line and retrospective analysis. The emerging real-time data analysis from the Internet of Things (IoT) result in fast data streams generated from distributed sensors. Applying advanced Machine Learning/Artificial Intelligence over such data streams to discover new information, predict future insights and make control decision is a crucial process. In this paper, we start by articulating racing car big data characteristics and present time-critical anomaly detection of the racing cars with the real-time sensors of cars and the tracks from actual racing events. We build a scalable system infrastructure based on neuro-morphic Hierarchical Temporal Memory Algorithm (HTM) algorithm and Storm stream processing engine. By courtesy of historical Indy500 racing logs, evaluation experiments on this prototype system demonstrate good performance in terms of anomaly detection accuracy and service level objective (SLO) of latency for a real-world streaming application.

Designing low latency applications that can process large volumes data with higher efficiency is a challenging problem. With the limited time to process data, usage of online algorithms are becoming important in the big-data applications. Stream processing is a well-known area that has been studied for a long time. In this research, our objective is to use state of the art big-data analytic engines to implement online algorithms and compare the strengths and weaknesses in each system. We use a streaming version of Support Vector Machines (SVM) and KMeans to do the analysis. Apache Flink, Apache Storm and Twister2 streaming frameworks are used to implement these algorithms. Our study focuses on the efficiency of online training of these algorithms and the results show higher performance in Twister2 framework for these algorithms.