Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors enable precision sensing of an object in 3D. LiDAR technology is widely used in metrology, environment monitoring, archaeology, and robotics. It also shows high potential to be applied in autonomous driving. This paper proposes a Read-out Integrated Circuit (ROIC) for Optoelectronic mixer based LiDAR system design and fabricated in a standard 65nm CMOS technology. The proposed ROIC consisted of a wide bandwidth, high frequency Analog Front-End (AFE) and a long-range, low complexity Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) stage. The AFE is designed with a wide bandwidth from 10MHz to 11GHz with the input referred noise level of $5.6\mu A/\sqrt {Hz} .$. Besides, a long range, low complexity and low resolution TDC stage is implemented with the performance that can reach the maximum measurable distance of 92.1m with the distance resolution of 1.66cm. All components of the proposed ROIC are fully integrated on-chip, occupying an area of 0.85μm2, with a measured power consumption of 31.76mW.

This paper presents a self-startup power management IC (PMIC) applicable in thermoelectric generators (TEGs). The PMIC is based on a boost converter integrated with a complete control circuitry that handles all required operations, including maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The converter supports cold self-start from low TEG voltages using three startup phases and two power-on-reset (POR) signals for smooth transitions between the phases. The PMIC is designed and fabricated in a 180-nm technology. The cold-start operation is verified at a minimum TEG voltage of 60 mV. The converter achieves a peak efficiency of 79.94% at 120-mV input voltage and 1080 μW output power, while maintaining efficiency above 70% for a wide range of TEG voltage from 80 mV.