This paper presents a circuit-based modeling of MPPT controller for lead-acid battery charging in PV standalone systems using MATLAB/Simulink. The LLC resonant converter is employed as the DC-DC converter for the charge controller due to its efficiency advantages. However, most well-known MPPT algorithms are designed for PWM converters, whereas the LLC resonant converter uses PFM. Applying a PWM-based MPPT method to an LLC converter could might cause the loss of its soft switching characteristics. Therefore, an MPPT algorithm based on PFM is necessary. This paper proposes an optimal frequency control MPPT algorithm that adjusts the frequency offset around the resonant frequency using an improved P&O method. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the algorithm’s validity and its capability to track the maximum power point under varying solar irradiance and temperature conditions.

Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a sustainable choice to traditional vehicles by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving air quality but also contribute to grid flexibility and stability through smart charging and vehicle-to-grid technologies. This paper conducts a mini review on integrating EVs with renewable energy sources and their impacts on power systems, environment, health, economy, and social welfare. For an informed understanding of the structure and growth of the literature along with recent research topics, the review is enriched with a data-driven and visualized bibliometric analysis of publications retrieved from Scopus over the past five years using VOSviewer software. The study delves into the economic implications of EVs, revealing both consumer cost savings and broader economic benefits, including reduced oil demand and associated environmental impacts. Also, the review discusses the significant health benefits of transitioning to EVs, such as the reduction in transportation-related emissions and their contribution to public health improvement. The review's findings indicate a significant interest within the scientific community regarding the study and resolution of various issues surrounding the integration of EVs into contemporary power grids alongside renewable sources, which aligns with the recent surge in scholarly publications. Also, by analyzing the current trends, challenges, and future directions, the study sheds light on the need for continued interdisciplinary research collaboration and policy support for a more sustainable and resilient energy future.

This study delves into the effects of integrating electric vehicles (EVs) into power networks, enriched with photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines, alongside energy storage solutions. With the uptick in EV adoption aimed at reducing CO2 emissions and fossil fuel use for environmental benefits, this paper offers a comprehensive comparison of EV integration techniques in the context of PV and wind energy systems, and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems. It addresses challenges such as power loss, voltage instability, load balancing, and reactive power compensation across varying scenarios; hence, unveiling the pivotal role of SMES in enhancing grid resilience. A coordinated control strategy based-fuzzy logic control is proposed for optimizing the charging/discharging activities of SMES units and EV batteries, aiming to enhance grid management and efficiency. The FLC crucial function hinges on the electricity price and the active power signals at the grid-interface with devices and residential loads. This proposed control system meticulously orchestrates power sharing among the PV and wind systems, EVs, and the SMES, promoting optimal grid performance. The effectiveness of this integrated control framework is validated through simulation analyses using Matlab/Simulink, showcasing improvements in power system dynamics, stability, and overall sustainability.