Ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) provides transcriptome-wide insights into protein synthesis dynamics, yet its analysis poses challenges, particularly for nonbioinformatics researchers. Large language model-based chatbots offer promising solutions by leveraging natural language processing. This review explores their convergence, highlighting opportunities for synergy. We discuss challenges in Ribo-seq analysis and how chatbots mitigate them, facilitating scientific discovery. Through case studies, we illustrate chatbots' potential contributions, including data analysis and result interpretation. Despite the absence of applied examples, existing software underscores the value of chatbots and the large language model. We anticipate their pivotal role in future Ribo-seq analysis, overcoming limitations. Challenges such as model bias and data privacy require attention, but emerging trends offer promise. The integration of large language models and Ribo-seq analysis holds immense potential for advancing translational regulation and gene expression understanding.

In this paper, we propose a novel dual index pulse position modulation differential chaotic shift keying (DI-PPM-DCSK) system for wireless covert communication. Unlike conventional PPM schemes, at the transmitter, we propose to modulate index bits with the positions of both the reference and information-bearing signals, thereby incorporating more index bits into each symbol. Thus both energy efficiency and data rate can be improved. Besides, the information-bearing modulated signals are hidden with the artificial noise to enhance the covertness of communications. At the receiver, we propose to demodulate the information bits by calculating the coherence of adjacent symbols. Moreover, we derive analytical expressions for the bit error rate (BER) and covert performance of the system, which are validated through numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves superior data rate and BER performance compared to existing counterparts over fading channels. Furthermore, the covertness is validated with both theoretical analysis and simulation results.