Abstract We have been developing a general‐purpose multilingual text‐processing library, which is designed to be extensible. The font layout table is a newly introduced resource that enables users to add support for drawing new scripts and languages. Font layout tables complement fonts; the knowledge required for complex text layout is stored in fonts and/or font layout tables. If a font contains, for example, ligature information, the corresponding font layout table describes the knowledge other than ligatures. A font layout table is used to convert a character code sequence into a glyph string to be displayed. It consists of rules, structured as cascaded stages, that may contain regular expressions and character categories. This combination enables flexible code sequence manipulation. In our multilingual text‐processing library, the drawing module is script‐ and language‐independent. It reads the necessary fonts and font layout tables on demand. Since font layout tables conceal the differences between font formats, the drawing module can handle fonts of different formats in a unified manner. This paper describes the problems in drawing multilingual text, several existing solutions to the problems and their drawbacks, and our solutions in detail. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abstract Multilingual information processing technology has enabled us to handle the text of many languages and scripts. Technical difficulties, however, still remain in the field of displaying and printing text. Windowing systems and printers often lack support for scripts that are not widely used and there has been no simple and flexible remedy for this problem. In this paper, we describe the general font module VFlib for multilingual text. VFlib knows how fonts are represented in different font formats and obtains glyphs as bitmap images from various font files. As VFlib provides a unified interface for font access, application programs can employ many font types without handling their details. We have also implemented previewers and printer drivers that use VFlib as the font retrieval module. These application programs include a program named ps‐multi that prints multi‐script text created with the multilingual text editor Emacs version 20 or later. From our experiences of implementing these application programs, we believe that VFlib is a simple and powerful solution for multi‐script text printing and displaying. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new method for analyzing the amino acid sequences of proteins using the hidden Markov model (HMM), which is a type of stochastic model. Secondary structures such as helix, sheet and turn are learned by HMMs, and these HMMs are applied to new sequences whose structures are unknown. The output probabilities from the HMMs are used to predict the secondary structures of the sequences. The authors tested this prediction system on approximately 100 sequences from a public database (Brookhaven PDB). Although the implementation is 'without grammar' (no rule for the appearance patterns of secondary structure) the result was reasonable.

The authors present an explicit criterion for deciding whether to divide the hidden Markov model (HMM)-based phone model into more precise (for example, context dependent) models, or not. They also discuss the cases when linear interpolations of these models are used, and present an explicit solution of the interpolation weight lambda . These criteria are obtained by evaluating the estimation errors of the distributions of these models. The authors show that the estimation errors should be evaluated by the projected covariance matrices of the estimation errors of the logarithm of the probabilities.>

Article IXM2: a parallel associative processor Share on Authors: Tetsuya Higuchi Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305 Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305View Profile , Tatsumi Furuya Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305 Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305View Profile , Kenichi Handa Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305 Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305View Profile , Naoto Takahashi University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305 University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305View Profile , Hiroyasu Nishiyama University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305 University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305View Profile , Akio Kokubu New Media Development Associate, 1-4-28 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan 108 New Media Development Associate, 1-4-28 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan 108View Profile Authors Info & Claims ISCA '91: Proceedings of the 18th annual international symposium on Computer architectureApril 1991 Pages 22–31https://doi.org/10.1145/115952.115956Online:01 April 1991Publication History 5citation307DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads307Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access