The optimization of cooling systems is important in many cases, for example for cabin and battery cooling in electric cars. Such an optimization is governed by multiple, conflicting objectives and it is performed across a multi-dimensional parameter space. The extent of the parameter space, the complexity of the non-linear model of the system, as well as the time needed per simulation run and factors that are not modeled in the simulation necessitate an iterative, semi-automatic approach. We present an interactive visual optimization approach, where the user works with a p-h diagram to steer an iterative, guided optimization process. A deep learning (DL) model provides estimates for parameters, given a target characterization of the system, while numerical simulation is used to compute system characteristics for an ensemble of parameter sets. Since the DL model only serves as an approximation of the inverse of the cooling system and since target characteristics can be chosen according to different, competing objectives, an iterative optimization process is realized, developing multiple sets of intermediate solutions, which are visually related to each other. The standard p-h diagram, integrated interactively in this approach, is complemented by a dual, also interactive visual representation of additional expressive measures representing the system characteristics. We show how the known four-points semantic of the p-h diagram meaningfully transfers to the dual data representation. When evaluating this approach in the automotive domain, we found that our solution helped with the overall comprehension of the cooling system and that it lead to a faster convergence during optimization.

We introduce a framework that uses generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) for dynamic and context-aware content creation in Augmented Reality (AR). By integrating Vision Language Models (VLMs), our system detects and understands the physical space around the user, recommending contextually relevant objects. These objects are transformed into 3D models using a text-to-3D generative AI techniques, allowing for real-time content inclusion within the AR space. This approach enhances user experience by enabling intuitive customization through spoken commands, while reducing costs and improving accessibility to advanced AR interactions. The framework’s vision and language capabilities support the generation of comprehensive and context-specific 3D objects.