Migrants moving across national boundaries are experiencing a transition—one that requires them to readapt and reestablish themselves in new information environments. In experiencing a transition, migrants need information on the process of the move and on life in their new country. Navigating new information environments can prove difficult. Usually, that information will be structured and presented differently than ‘at home’: migrants need to adapt to a whole new digital environment, and often do so while retaining informational ties to home. Language, bureaucratic, and emotional barriers make it difficult for migrants to find the information they need in their new environment; and instead push them to rely on familiar information sources from their home countries that contain less specific and relevant information. However, migrants also bring their unique information experiences and habits to their new digital environments. The exposure to multiple digital environments can be a strength and better equip migrants to deal with different types of information. This paper examines both the barriers migrants face and the skills they use to navigate new information landscapes. It makes a case for considering migrants as a specific user group for many information tools and resources, when user testing, and makes suggestions for further research that can be done to support and learn from migrants. Migrants are an under-studied and under-considered group in the CHIIR community, and this paper is a call to action to address that gap.

Increasingly, large organisations are turning to cybersecurity leaders to protect their information resources against attack. However, because cybersecurity leadership roles are new, educational literature and practice targeting this role are nascent. In this systematic review, we assess the value of case-based learning (CBL) in educating cybersecurity leaders. We also aim to discover what gaps, if any, exist in this body of research. We find that cybersecurity leaders’ attitudes and metacognitive abilities are important but overlooked elements of their competence, and that CBL has potential to develop these competencies. The article concludes with a competency matrix and agenda for further research.

While crowdsourcing idea contests have the potential to harness widely distributed knowledge, the quantity of ideas and the complexity involved in idea assessment create a great effort and challenge for organizations. Drawing on tournament theory and the knowledge recombination perspective, this study proposes a model that can assist organizations in efficiently processing crowdsourced ideas by exploring two aspects: the idea content and the contest competition intensity. Analyzing a rich dataset of 16,057 ideas submitted in 61 socio-economic crowdsourcing idea contests, we find that successful ideas are more likely to stem from more distinctive knowledge while ideas that combine diverse knowledge from a broad set of topics are less likely to be successful in the idea contest. Furthermore, competition intensity weakens the positive relationship between idea distinctiveness and success, while it does not influence idea diversity. This study contributes to the growing crowdsourcing literature and offers practical guidance for crowdsourcing intermediaries and organizations.

While computers causing chaos is a common social trope, nearly the entirety of the history of computing is dedicated to generating order. Typical interactive information retrieval tasks ask computers to support the traversal and exploration of large, complex information spaces. The implicit assumption is that they are to support users in simplifying the complexity (i.e. in creating order from chaos). But for some types of task, particularly those that involve the creative application or synthesis of knowledge or the creation of new knowledge, this assumption may be incorrect. It is increasingly evident that perfect order-and the systems we create with it-support highly-structured information tasks well, but provide poor support for less-structured tasks. We need digital information environments that help create a little more chaos from order to spark creative thinking and knowledge creation. This paper argues for the need for information systems that offer what we term 'bounded chaos', and offers research directions that may support the creation of such interfaces

Libraries increasingly offer much of their collection online, rendering it invisible or unavailable to readers who, for reasons of information experience, prefer to browse the shelves. Although the evidence that shelf browsing is an important part of information behavior is increasing, information browsing as a behavior is somewhat of a black box (in contrast to web browsing, which is relatively well understood). It seems likely from early work that browsing is not, in fact, a monolithic behavior, but rather a set of behaviors and goals. The typologies presented in these works, however, are of a too high level to offer much insight into what support is needed for successful online browsing. In contrast, a recent spate of speculative browsing technologies meet some browsing needs, but offer little theoretical understanding of how systems support browsing. The major contribution of this article is a new typology of library browsing behavior based on recent observations of browsing behavior in libraries. The secondary contribution is an understanding of the interface features that would support these types of information browsers in an online environment.

Library shelf browsing is a much-loved but little-understood form of information seeking. Attempts have been made to replicate or replace it online, however they have not typically been based on a principled understanding of the goals and behaviours of readers. This paper addresses the behaviour of readers, presenting an empirical examination of the mechanics of library shelf browsing. We note some previously undescribed behaviours, such as placemarking, and some hitherto unknown details such as the large number of books browsers consider. We situate our findings in the literature, and use them to drive design recommendations.

The human body has emerged as more than a canvas for wearable electronic devices. Devices too go within the body, such as internal medical devices. Within the last decade, individual hobbyists have begun voluntarily inserting non-medical devices in, through and underneath their skin. This paper investigates the current use of insertable devices. Through interviews we report on the types of devices people are inserting into their bodies. We classify the use of insertables and the reasons individuals choose insertables over more traditional wearable or luggable devices. These classifications facilitate understanding of insertables as a legitimate category of device for hardware designers that present new challenges for interaction designers.