Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) have become a cornerstone for zero-shot style transfer in multimedia content creation, but they frequently struggle with a critical trade-off between artistic stylization fidelity and semantic structural preservation. A key oversight in existing methods is the neglect of frequency-domain distinctions in visual signals, which leads to prevalent issues like content drift and style leakage. To address these limitations, we propose FreSCo, a novel training-free framework that explicitly decouples content and style through dual-domain control mechanisms. First, the Dynamic Wavelet Latent Fusion (DWLF) module decomposes latent features via Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), injecting style exclusively into high-frequency texture sub-bands while boosting spectral energy to counteract VAE-induced smoothing. Second, the VAE-Compressed Masking strategy encodes edge maps directly into the latent space, resolving pixel-latent misalignment for precise spatial control. We construct a comprehensive benchmark with 1,280 content-style pairs to rigorously evaluate performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate that FreSCo achieves state-of-the-art results, generating high-fidelity artistic textures while maintaining superior structural consistency across diverse multimedia content creation scenarios compared to existing baselines.

Point cloud registration is a crucial task in the field of 3D processing research, which aims to align two or more point cloud scans into the same coordinate system. A significant factor limiting the performance of point cloud registration is the low proportion of inlier correspondences between two unaligned point clouds. It is particularly pronounced when the overlap between two scenes is low. Based on this observation, we propose a novel point cloud registration framework that enhances the proportion of correct correspondences via two aspects: extracting richer global geometric information for accurate identification of overlapping regions, and rejecting outliers based on spatial feature consistency. During the feature extraction phase, we first encode local geometry utilizing the Point Pair Features and then propose the Dual Graph Convolution module to reshape the receptive field, thereby expanding perception beyond small local areas. In the transformation estimation phase, we design a filtering module based on a multi-layer decoder. We extract point cloud features at different resolutions and select high-confidence point cloud pairs for registration based on the consistency of correspondences. We test the performance of our method on four datasets (3DMatch, ScanNet, KITTI, and MVP-RG). Compared with state-of-the-art approach NMCT, our method achieves improvements of 6% / 38% on KITTI / MVP-RG. Additionally, our filtering approach enhances the operational speed of RANSAC by more than 300%. Code is available at https://github.com/xiwanghuolight/RefreshReg.

Multi-modal medical images provide complementary soft-tissue characteristics that aid in the screening and diagnosis of diseases. However, limited scanning time, image corruption and various imaging protocols often result in incomplete multi-modal images, thus limiting the usage of multi-modal data for clinical purposes. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a novel unified multi-modal image synthesis method for missing modality imputation. Our method overall takes a generative adversarial architecture, which aims to synthesize missing modalities from any combination of available ones with a single model. To this end, we specifically design a Commonality- and Discrepancy-Sensitive Encoder for the generator to exploit both modality-invariant and specific information contained in input modalities. The incorporation of both types of information facilitates the generation of images with consistent anatomy and realistic details of the desired distribution. Besides, we propose a Dynamic Feature Unification Module to integrate information from a varying number of available modalities, which enables the network to be robust to random missing modalities. The module performs both hard integration and soft integration, ensuring the effectiveness of feature combination while avoiding information loss. Verified on two public multi-modal magnetic resonance datasets, the proposed method is effective in handling various synthesis tasks and shows superior performance compared to previous methods.

Radiologists possess diverse training and clinical experiences, leading to variations in the segmentation annotations of lung nodules and resulting in segmentation uncertainty. Conventional methods typically select a single annotation as the learning target or attempt to learn a latent space comprising multiple annotations. However, these approaches fail to leverage the valuable information inherent in the consensus and disagreements among the multiple annotations. In this paper, we propose an Uncertainty-Aware Attention Mechanism (UAAM) that utilizes consensus and disagreements among multiple annotations to facilitate better segmentation. To this end, we introduce the Multi-Confidence Mask (MCM), which combines a Low-Confidence (LC) Mask and a High-Confidence (HC) Mask. The LC mask indicates regions with low segmentation confidence, where radiologists may have different segmentation choices. Following UAAM, we further design an Uncertainty-Guide Multi-Confidence Segmentation Network (UGMCS-Net), which contains three modules: a Feature Extracting Module that captures a general feature of a lung nodule, an Uncertainty-Aware Module that produces three features for the annotations' union, intersection, and annotation set, and an Intersection-Union Constraining Module that uses distances between the three features to balance the predictions of final segmentation and MCM. To comprehensively demonstrate the performance of our method, we propose a Complex-Nodule Validation on LIDC-IDRI, which tests UGMCS-Net's segmentation performance on lung nodules that are difficult to segment using common methods. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the segmentation performance on nodules that are difficult to segment using conventional methods.

Multi-modal tumor segmentation exploits complementary information from different modalities to help recognize tumor regions. Known multi-modal segmentation methods mainly have deficiencies in two aspects: First, the adopted multi-modal fusion strategies are built upon well-aligned input images, which are vulnerable to spatial misalignment between modalities (caused by respiratory motions, different scanning parameters, registration errors, etc). Second, the performance of known methods remains subject to the uncertainty of segmentation, which is particularly acute in tumor boundary regions. To tackle these issues, in this paper, we propose a novel multi-modal tumor segmentation method with deformable feature fusion and uncertain region refinement. Concretely, we introduce a deformable aggregation module, which integrates feature alignment and feature aggregation in an ensemble, to reduce inter-modality misalignment and make full use of cross-modal information. Moreover, we devise an uncertain region inpainting module to refine uncertain pixels using neighboring discriminative features. Experiments on two clinical multi-modal tumor datasets demonstrate that our method achieves promising tumor segmentation results and outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

Liver tumor segmentation (LiTS) is of primary importance in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Known automated LiTS methods could not yield satisfactory results for clinical use since they were hard to model flexible tumor shapes and locations. In clinical practice, radiologists usually estimate tumor shape and size by a Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) mark. Inspired by this, in this paper, we explore a deep learning (DL) based interactive LiTS method, which incorporates guidance from user-provided RECIST marks. Our method takes a three-step framework to predict liver tumor boundaries. Under this architecture, we develop a RECIST mark propagation network (RMP-Net) to estimate RECIST-like marks in off-RECIST slices. We also devise a context-guided boundary-sensitive network (CGBS-Net) to distill tumors' contextual and boundary information from corresponding RECIST(-like) marks, and then predict tumor maps. To further refine the segmentation results, we process the tumor maps using a 3D conditional random field (CRF) algorithm and a morphology hole-filling operation. Verified on two clinical contrast-enhanced abdomen computed tomography (CT) image datasets, our proposed approach can produce promising segmentation results, and outperforms the state-of-the-art interactive segmentation methods.

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms have attracted much attentions in medical image segmentation by leveraging unlabeled data, which challenge in acquiring massive pixel-wise annotated samples. However, most of the existing SSLs neglected the geometric shape constraint in object, leading to unsatisfactory boundary and non-smooth of object. In this paper, we propose a novel boundary-aware semi-supervised medical image segmentation network, named Graph-BAS3Net, which incorporates the boundary information and learns duality constraints between semantics and geometrics in the graph domain. Specifically, the proposed method consists of two components: a multi-task learning framework BAS3Net and a graph-based cross-task module BGCM. The BAS3Net improves the existing GAN-based SSL by adding a boundary detection task, which encodes richer features of object shape and surface. Moreover, the BGCM further explores the co-occurrence relations between the semantics segmentation and boundary detection task, so that the network learns stronger semantic and geometric correspondences from both labeled and unlabeled data. Experimental results on the LiTS dataset and COVID-19 dataset confirm that our proposed Graph-BAS3Net outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in semi-supervised segmentation task.

Segmentation and quantification of each subtype of emphysema is helpful to monitor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Due to the nature of emphysema (diffuse pulmonary disease), it is very difficult for experts to allocate semantic labels to every pixel in the CT images. In practice, partially annotating is a better choice for the radiologists to reduce their workloads. In this paper, we propose a new end-to-end trainable semi-supervised framework for semantic segmentation of emphysema with partial annotations, in which a segmentation network is trained from both annotated and unannotated areas. In addition, we present a new loss function, referred to as Fisher loss, to enhance the discriminative power of the model and successfully integrate it into our proposed framework. Our experimental results show that the proposed methods have superior performance over the baseline supervised approach (trained with only annotated areas) and outperform the state-of-the-art methods for emphysema segmentation.