The purpose of this paper was to examine the factors influencing adoption of Japanese language learning process based on Japanese dubbing in university students. According to the process of Japanese dubbing, this paper extended activity playfulness to Davis' Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to discuss the antecedent factors influencing the behavioral intention to continuance use in the Universities of Taiwan. This paper showed that activity playfulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness are the antecedents of Japanese dubbing acceptance. The findings revealed that (1) activity playfulness had a significantly positive effect on perceived usefulness, (2) perceived ease of use had a significantly positive effect on activity playfulness, (3) perceived ease of use had a significantly positive effect on perceived usefulness, (4) perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had a significantly positive effect on attitude toward to use, and (5) perceived usefulness and attitude toward to use had a significantly positive effect on behavior intention to continuance use. Furthermore, there was a significant suggestion of campaign to work out the competition of Japanese dubbing. Overall, this paper's findings showed fine predictive and explanatory power of Japanese dubbing acceptance.

A large number of excellent digital learning materials have been created and distributed for e- learning. These contents are mostly designed for reading on regular PCs that have big screens, powerful computing, large storage and wide bandwidth compared to handheld devices. Therefore, a lot of studies about automatic content adaptation have been done and are proposed to overcome the drawbacks of browsing regular content with handheld devices such as pocket PCs and smartphones. But we argue that the total automatic adaptation algorithm designed by an engineer to transform Web Page presentation is still appropriate to be applied on educational content. We believe the quality of the result can not be assured and supervised by educators, and educational essence may be damaged during the real time adaptation process. This paper proposes a content adaptation tool that provides different adaptation templates to help the author automatically and efficiently reproduce high-quality learning content for specific handhelds. Furthermore, the author will not only be able to preview the adaptation result before publishing the course but also be able to adjust the template parameters manually to affect the process if they are not satisfied with the current result.

Respecting related technologies within e-learning domain, the use of learning management system (LMS) has been considered as the most important and essential component. LMS can manage the curriculum learning content, learner's learning profile and learning process. However it lacks suitable study assistance functions and personalized interface. Accordingly LMS is hard to promote and to be utilized by learners. This paper proposed an integrated framework which combined the personal learning blog functionalities to LMS by using the tools interoperability (TI) architecture in order to develop the suitable learning functionalities and interface in LMS for learners. And we hope the TI-based blog functionalities which can be utilized by other LMS in order to improve the LMS utility rate and to prove the feasibility of TI-based blog system.

Trust information is needed for both learners and teachers in virtual university system since both have their individual activities and reports stored in database. Their behaviors including the learner's self regulations and the teacher's/virtual campus regulations are performed and built with trust development. In this paper, we present an advanced Petri net model to manage the workflow of a web- based multiple participants in virtual university based on scaffolding theory. The presented approach can conspicuously help the developer not only to comprehend the interaction relationship between the client-server virtual environments but also to easily construct a shared and trusty virtual world. Problems of providing the multi-user interaction on the Web and the solutions proposed by the Petri net model are fully elaborated here. This paper can be used as a basic/fundamental research framework and tools to study and understand the characteristics of e-learning and to explore its optimal education application.

In SCORM 2004 defines the sequencing information that describes how SCORM-conformant content may be sequenced to the learner through a set of learner or system-initiated navigation events. It provides users the ability to prescribe the intend learning sequencing strategy by themselves, but quit many completed definitions and lacking the testing mechanism for these authored sequencing information results in usual developers probably design the unreasonable or careless settings of SCORM sequencing. The detecting mechanism focuses on detecting improper setting of sequencing control mode elements applied to learning activities. An assistant truth table derived from the definitions of sequencing control mode elements and experiments verified with latest ADL runtime environment will be introduced.

With the rapid development of e-learning, collaborative learning is an important kind of group learning mode. It emphasizes the communication and information sharing among group members. Current collaborative learning systems haven't reached a high interaction degree between the students and the instructor to gain knowledge. In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces a semantic-based automated question answering (Q&A) system like a virtual teacher to respond to student questions online. Through the proposed mechanism, the Q&A knowledge base will be enriched in the future process of Q&A. Furthermore, not only the students can get answers to their questions, but also the instructors could know what problems students encountered in learning. This would be a great help for both the instructor and the students in collaborative learning environment

With the rapid development of Internet technology and Web-based education, distance learning provides a novel learning style, which is different from traditional education. In order to adapt different teaching strategies in accordance to individual students' abilities in a distance learning environment, system directed navigation of students was proposed in a distance learning standard called SCORM (sharable content object reference model). We introduce the distance-learning color Petri net (DCPN), applying the features of Petri nets, to decrease the complexity of the sequencing definition model in the SCORM 2004 specification. We thus construct a sequencing framework for various instructional strategies by piecing DPCN subnets together.

Digital image inpainting is a technique that can repair a portion of damaged or removed image by means of automatic mechanisms. Image inpainting tools can be applied to repairing damaged historical documents. In this paper, we propose an adaptive mechanism, which is based on a color interpolation mechanism. The repairing procedure checks the surrounding information of a damaged pixel and decides the range of references that can be used to compute an interpolated color. We have tested on more than 2000 images include painting, photo, and cartoon drawing. The evaluation shows that our mechanism produces a very good result.

In order to adapt teaching in accordance with the abilities of individual students in the distance learning environment, more research emphasis is needed on constructing personalised courseware. The new version of SCORM 1.3 (scalable content object reference model) attempts to add the sequence concept into this course standard. The concept describes how the sequencing process is invoked, what occurs during the sequencing process and the potential outputs of the sequencing process. As a result, we apply the valuable features of Petri nets to decrease the complexity of the sequencing definition model in the SCORM 1.3 specification and construct a framework within various instructional strategies by piecing subnets together.

With the rapid growth of the Internet and communication technologies, many real-world activities were applied on the Internet, including Education, Entertainment, Academic activities, and Commerce, etc. We proposed the nomadic media server (mobile media server) to achieve the maximum use of bandwidth. The distributed load of central server will be retrenched appropriately. At the same time, the security protection degree will be strengthened via the changeable server Actually, we use the mobile server/storage pre-broadcasting technique, as well as a communication network optimization algorithm, which is based on a graph compute mechanism. The mobile server will play an important role in the future virtual society, both on narrowband and broadband environment. Chain store over the Internet is a rare management model in electronic commerce. We construct many chain stores via using nomadic media server.

Software metrics serve as a significant issue to improve software quality. It is an important research of software engineering. In line with the methodologies of object-oriented analysis and design widely developed, many software metrics techniques have been proposed. However, not many focus on the metrics evaluation of an inheritance hierarchy. In this paper, we propose a novel concept named unit repeated inheritance (URI) in Z notation to realize object-oriented software metrics. The approach describes an inheritance level technique (ILT) method as a guide to measure the software complexity of an inheritance hierarchy. The measures of inheritance metrics are formed based on the proposed mechanism. Also, we use Lex and Yacc to construct a windowing tool which is used in conjunction with a conventional C++ programming environment to assist a programmer to analyze and measure his/her C++ programs.

This paper proposes a concept named unit repeated inheritance (URI) in Z notation to realize object-oriented testing of an inheritance hierarchy. Based on this unit, an inheritance level technique (ILT) method as a guide to test object-oriented software errors in the inheritance hierarchy is described. In addition, two testing criteria, intralevel first and interlevel first, are formed based on the proposed mechanism. Moreover, in order to make the test process automatic, we use LEX and YACC to automatically generate a lexical analyzer and a parser to demonstrate a declaration of C++ source code. And, we also construct a windowing tool used in conjunction with a conventional C++ programming environment to assist a programmer to analyze and test his/her C++ programs.

Software testing methodologies and metrics are key issues to improve and assure software quality. They are important areas in the research of Software Engineering. However, not many focus on the testing criteria and metrics evaluation of a class hierarchy. This paper introduces an important concept named URI (Unit Repeated Inheritance) to realize integrated object-oriented testing and object-oriented metrics. The approach describes an ILT (Inheritance Level Technique) method as a guide to test object-oriented software errors and measure the software complexity of a class hierarchy. The proposed technique shows that inheritance has a close relation to object-oriented software complexity and reveals that overuse of repeated(multiple) inheritance will increase software complexity and be prone to implicit software errors. Also, two test criteria: intra level first and inter level first are presented.