The style of cryptography in which important data are embedded into image data not to be noticed by outsiders is called video steganography. This paper proposes a new method for embedding data into pictorial images. In this method, the amount of locally embedded data is adaptively varied according to the local characteristics of the original image, and more data will be embedded into the image with less distortion. Using the discrete cosine transform (DCT), data are mainly embedded into high frequency components of the image, which have little influence on the quality of the image. The amount of embedded data is varied depending on DCT components of adjacent areas not to weaken edge lines in the image. We also show the effectiveness of our method by subjective evaluation.

This article proposes a process-centered project management system to facilitate controlling a wide variety of project activities. The essential idea is to employ software process descriptions as vehicles of exchanging activity plans between a project manager and a large number of staff. The system allows a manager to plan and monitor overall project processes which are stepwise particularized according to actual processes dynamically determined by individual staff. By the cooperative process description and stepwise particularization of software processes, a wide variety of software project activities can be coordinated in advance to lead the project to success. This article also proposes a graphical process representation method which maps software processes into a directed graph.>

In order to define software processes formally and to use the defined processes in actual development situations, the authors have designed the process description language (PDL) and an associated PDL System. PDL is a functional programming language based on an algebraic specification language, and development processes may be defined in PDL at various levels of abstraction. Abstract PDL scripts (programs) specify the general course of process execution. Essential features of the language for process description are discussed. The characteristics of the PDL System are also presented.>

Requirement to describing software development processes in formal manners has been increased, and demand for altering and tailoring the process descriptions has been emerged.In this paper, we propose a functional language PDL (Process Description Language), designed to describe various development processes under a certain environment.To create and modify the PDL scripts easily and correctly, we propose a method of stepwise refinement from abstract scripts into concrete scripts.By this method, the abstract definitions of software process flow and product flow initially given as function definitions in PDL, are transformed into the concrete definitions of the tool activations, message displays, and so on.We also discuss an architecture design of a software development environment (Adaptable Software Development Environment), which can be adapted in many ways for designer's requirements.