This paper presents a vision-based fingertip writing digits detection and recognition system using a CMOS camera and FPGA implementation. It is a real-time signature detector, since the image process algorithms are all executed in Verilog code. The experimental results show that the system can successfully recognize fingertip-numeral-writing with a accuracy rate of 95.8%.

Recently in cryptography and security, the multipliers with subquadratic space complexity for trinomials and some specific pentanomials have been proposed. For such kind of multipliers, alternatively, we use double basis multiplication which combines the polynomial basis and the modified polynomial basis to develop a new efficient digit-serial systolic multiplier. The proposed multiplier depends on trinomials and almost equally space pentanomials (AESPs), and utilizes the subquadratic Toeplitz matrix-vector product scheme to derive a low-latency digit-serial systolic architecture. If the selected digit-size is$d$bits, the proposed digit-serial multiplier for both polynomials, i.e., trinomials and AESPs, requires the latency of$2\left\lceil \!{\sqrt {{m \over d}}} \right\rceil\! $, while traditional ones take at least$O\left({\left\lceil {{m \over d}} \right\rceil} \right)$clock cycles. Analytical and application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) synthesis results indicate that both the area and the time$ \times $area complexities of our proposed architecture are significantly lower than the existing digit-serial systolic multipliers.

Because neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery often require the drilling of bones, this paper attempts to solve the problem of bone drilling. The goal is to realize a control system, which is able to drill with a contact drilling force and can automatically stop drilling at the moment of breaking through. In particular, both the DC drilling motor control and the feed rate control are driven by force control in order to accommodate the system impedance. Moreover, the breakthrough detection is according to the threshold information of the thrust force as well as the trend of both the drilling torque and feed rate. The proposed technique has been experimentally verified through the drilling of pig bones, and the results are in accordance with the theoretical model both in the bone drilling process and at the point of breakthrough.