BACKGROUND: Regulated cell death (RCD) maintains cellular homeostasis and tissue integrity, playing a pivotal role in both health and disease. A variety of RCD subroutines have been identified, each characterized by distinct molecular and morphological features. These cell death modalities do not operate in isolation. Instead, they interact with one another in complex ways. This interaction leads to crosstalk through interconnected and often overlapping signaling pathways. Multiple forms of RCD can coexist within the same disease, influencing various cell types or even the same cell type either synchronously or sequentially. Understanding the intricate dynamics of RCD is of high importance. However, it is challenging to discern the relative contribution of various RCD modalities within the specific biological context. This necessitates the development of advanced methodologies to systematically analyze the priority of RCD pathways in various cellular environments. MAIN: In the present study, we first created a manually curated collection of gene sets for 18 well-characterized RCD modes. We then estimated the significance of each RCD pathway by combining the results of seven gene set enrichment tests via the Tippet p-value combination approach. Afterward, the consensus of enrichment for each RCD pathway across tests was evaluated using robust rank aggregation. The priorities of RCD were subsequently resolved by considering both the combined p value and the consensus score. The reliability of the proposed approach was validated by applying it to explore the RCD modes in intracranial aneurysms. Finally, a user-friendly web application was created for researchers worldwide. CONCLUSION: Our study offers a new way to reveal complicated RCD modalities in specific biological settings. The web server is freely accessible at https://www.zhounan.org/rcdrank.

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important method for observing the ocean wind field and waves on the sea surface. For most SAR wind field and wave parameter inversion methods, third-party data are required to provide initial information, such as reference wind direction and first guess spectrum. This makes it impossible for SAR to observe ocean wind fields and waves independently. To solve this problem, this letter proposes a joint inversion method based on Sentinel-1 SAR SLC data. In this method, the wind direction is inverted by the LG method, and the wave propagation direction extracted by the SAR image cross-spectrum is used to remove the 180° ambiguity of the wind direction inversion result. The inverted wind direction is used as the reference wind direction in the CMOD5.N method to invert wind speed. Then, the first guess spectrum constructed using the inverted wind speed and inverted wind direction is input into the MPI method to invert the wave spectrum and wave parameters. The wind field and wave parameter inversion results are compared with the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis data. The wind field and wave parameter inversion results are in good agreement with the ERA5 data under medium or high sea conditions.

The boundary feature is of great significance in describing the object shape and constructing 3D model of object. Accurate extraction of boundary features is important to the visualization of the object. This paper presented an accurate extraction algorithm of the indoor boundary features based on point cloud data. The amount of the data was downsampled by the voxelgrid filter. The boundary features of the indoor were extracted by using the angle criterion based on the normal vector and the statistical filtering algorithm. The results show that the boundary features of the indoor can be accurately extracted by the proposed method.

In wireless sensor networks, power consumption is one of the key design issues because a large number of sensor nodes are powered by cheap batteries. Switching the RF transceiver, which is one of the biggest power consumers in a sensor node, to low-power sleep mode as much as possible has been proven to be a very efficient way to save power with a factor of tens or even hundreds. So far, several schemes have been proposed to reduce the duty cycle of the RF transceiver by MAC layer scheduling. Among them, the wake-up-frame scheme and the WiseMAC are two very efficient protocols based on the so-called preamble sampling technology. This paper proposes combining these two schemes to obtain a further optimized low-power MAC protocol, called SyncWUF, for low-traffic wireless sensor network. Analytical and simulation results prove that our proposal achieves significant battery lifetime gain in different application cases without negatively affecting other important system parameters such as channel capacity and latency

In wireless sensor networks and wireless personal area networks, power consumption is one of the most important design criteria for each small device. One of the biggest power consumers in such a device, the RF transceiver, should normally always be kept powered on for possible incoming packets; this is very power inefficient. The preamble sampling scheme was proposed to enable a receiver to sample the channel only periodically with a very low duty cycle by sending a long wake-up-preamble before the data frame; this dramatically reduces the power consumption of the receiver. The paper proposes to use a wake-up-frame instead of a wake-up-preamble to optimize further the preamble sampling scheme, achieving an additional battery lifetime gain in the order of tens to hundreds percent in different topologies and traffic loads.

We present a system architecture called Sindrion which allows us to create a cheap, energy-efficient, wireless control network to integrate small embedded sensors and actuators into one of the most established middleware platforms for distributed semantic services, namely universal plug and play (UPnP). To meet rigid constraints regarding cost and power consumption, complex data processing is sourced out from the sensor or actuator nodes to dedicated computing terminals, which establish a proxy in the UPnP network.

An ideal visualization tool that has not been used before in studying the optical behavior of near-field apertures is three-dimensional vector field topology. The global view of the vector field structure is deduced by locating singularities (critical points) within the field and augmenting these points with nearby streamlines. We have used for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, three-dimensional topology to analyze the topological differences between a resonant C-shaped nano-aperture and various nonresonant conventional apertures. The topological differences between these apertures are related to the superiority in power throughput of the C-aperture versus conventional round and square sub-wavelength apertures. We demonstrate how topological visualization techniques provide significant insight into the energy enhancement mechanism of the C aperture, and also shed light on critical issues related to the interaction between multiple apertures located in close proximity to each other, which gives rise to cross-talk, for example as a function of distance. Topological techniques allow us to develop design rules for the geometry of these apertures and their desired spot sizes and brightness. The performance of various sub-wavelength apertures can also be compared quantitatively based on their topology. Since topological methods are generically applicable to tensor and vector fields, our approach can be readily extended to provide insight into the broader category of finite-difference-time-domain nano-photonics and nano-science problems.

We describe mechanisms 1) to discover IP multicast sources and receivers located in ad hoc networks and 2) to inform the IP-based network about the detected multicast membership. We modify the existing multicast listener discovery (MLD) protocol, which was originally designed for fixed IPv6-based networks, to improve its performance in an ad hoc environment.