Information technology has been advancing in many countries. In their daily lives, people encounter computerized systems in many situations and often take their operation for granted. If a system failure occurs temporarily, it is disadvantageous for the system operator and the user. The use of distributed and parallel processing systems has increased the prevalence of software failures due to resource sharing among processes. The purpose of this study is to verify the presence or absence of deadlock by using the validator called FDR for the processes of the LEGO® MINDSTORMS® EV3 robot while it climbs stairs.

Embedded systems have become an essential technology in fields that require electronic control. These technologies must work in real time and have high reliability and low cost. Among them, safety verification of embedded systems is very important in fields related to human life. In addition, as multi-core and multiprocessors have spread, the processing power of the hardware has been improved. As a result, concurrent processing has become necessary. In developing concurrent embedded systems, Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) is regarded as useful. The purpose of this study is to verify, implement, and evaluate the concurrent sorting algorithm using the characteristics of CSP. In this study, we use two characteristics of CSP: synchronous communication and verification based on the formal method. In addition, we describe the extended improvement concurrent sorting algorithm.

We define a process algebra DS@ to formally describe distributed systems and a process logic SP@ to formally describe their specifications. Then, we present a method to synthesize a distributed system (described in DS@) from given specifications (described in SP@). The main contribution is to show how to check the satisfiability of process logic in which concurrent behavior is distinct from interleaving behavior (i.e. considering true concurrency).

The authors specify an example system, XVT, using two formal specification languages, LOTOS and OBJ, in order to compare both specifications from the viewpoint of a user of specification languages. They can distinguish two parts in both specifications: a static part and a dynamic part. The authors specified the dynamic part with a CCS approach using LOTOS and with a FSM approach using OBJ. This allows them to compare both languages on how they solve specific systems.>