Landmarks serve as critical reference points for determining spatial orientations. Owing to the complexity and diversity of the shapes of landmark buildings, numerous fine visual details can hinder the clear identification of three-dimensional (3D) landmark models, posing a challenge for their automatic generation. To address this issue, we propose a method based on topological perception to simplify 3D landmark models, focusing on enhancing global perception features by exaggerating topology-related features. This method involves three key steps: voxelization, hole exaggeration and model generation. We evaluated the effectiveness of exaggeration and conducted a quantitative analysis of its degree of application in landmark buildings. The results demonstrate that topology-based exaggeration significantly improves the perception of 3D landmark models, and the degree of exaggeration is inversely correlated with the proportion of topology-related visual features in the models. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of four commonly used simplification algorithms shows that our method outperforms the other methods across five key evaluation metrics.

Terrain mapping is not only dedicated to communicating how high or steep a landscape is but can also help to indicate how we feel about a place. However, crafting effective and expressive elevation colors is challenging for both nonexperts and experts. In this article, we present a two-step image-to-terrain color transfer method that can transfer color from arbitrary images to diverse terrain models. First, we present a new image color organization method that organizes discrete, irregular image colors into a continuous, regular color grid that facilitates a series of color operations, such as local and global searching, categorical color selection and sequential color interpolation. Second, we quantify a series of cartographic concerns about elevation color crafting, such as the "lower, higher" principle, color conventions, and aerial perspectives. We also define color similarity between images and terrain visualizations with aesthetic quality. We then mathematically formulate image-to-terrain color transfer as a dual-objective optimization problem and offer a heuristic searching method to solve the problem. Finally, we compare elevation colors from our method with a standard color scheme and a representative color scale generation tool based on four test terrains. The evaluations show that the elevation colors from the proposed method are most effective and that our results are visually favorable. We also showcase that our method can transfer emotion from images to terrain visualizations.

Remote real-time surveillance systems are built in a network which improves the power of application. The image processing about moving objects tracked in the system is connected with network transfer. This essential part should be concerned primarily. This paper discusses the real-time problem in this kind of system, proposes image transfer solution about reference information from scene data acquisition, and builds three remote real-time surveillance systems based on LabVIEW and IMAQ vision module by researching TCP and DataStocket protocol. Finally, the characters of three systems with virtual instruments are described and compared. Experimental results will be offered to verify the effectiveness of the proposed systems.

Heat dissipation is a very important subject during the design of RGB-LED backlighting system on LCD because the heat produced by modern LEDs themselves can excessively influence their characteristics. This paper reports on a new substrate technology that offers significant benefits over conventional polymer-based insulated metal substrates (IMS). This new type of insulated aluminum substrate printed circuit board (PCB) consists of a thermally-conductive aluminum alloy substrate that insulated by a thin, chemically grown, anodized dielectric layer. Circuit is formed above the anodized layer with magnetron sputtering technology. The corresponding thermal resistances of the new and conventional insulated metal substrate printed circuit board (PCB) are measured to be 4.78degC /W and 7.61degC/W, respectively. More heat transfer means more reliable product, less light reduction and less material consumption because of eliminating the need for additional heat sinks.

The extended use of DMX512 protocol has been applied in many areas such as stage and theatre. While it has two inherent flaws in landscape lighting control: the quantitative limitation of control slots and slow bandwidth utilization ratio. This paper proposed the evolution of a management and control system for landscape lighting. By using the upper Internet management network, several lower DMX512 control networks can be connected to one computer to avoid the former flaw; based on the theory of scenes, the developed addressing way of logic group address enables the scene implemented with one packet of just two data slots. Not only can run with the Internet management network, the lower DMX512 control network can also work independently, actually it is compatible with the present standard DMX512 product.

The remarkable characteristic of lighting system based on digital addressable lighting interface is panorama supervised which results from feedback control. This paper proposes the three-state feedback mechanism and the relative system consists of master units, slave units and a graphical user interface (GUI) for inputting parameters and supervising the detail of system. Slave units include standard slave units and feedback slave units which have AT90PWM2 controller. Built upon this system, the three-state feedback mechanism takes the feedback comprising the states of controller unit, implementation unit and controlled object unit according to the requirement of lighting protocol. Experimental results will be provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.