Recent advancements have showcased the potential of handheld millimeter-wave (mmWave) imaging, which applies synthetic aperture radar (SAR) principles in portable settings. However, existing studies addressing handheld motion errors either rely on costly tracking devices or employ simplified imaging models, leading to impractical deployment or limited performance. In this paper, we present IFNet, a novel deep unfolding network that combines the strengths of signal processing models and deep neural networks to achieve robust imaging and focusing for handheld mmWave systems. We first formulate the handheld imaging model by integrating multiple priors about mmWave images and handheld phase errors. Furthermore, we transform the optimization processes into an iterative network structure for improved and efficient imaging performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IFNet effectively compensates for handheld phase errors and recovers high-fidelity images from severely distorted signals. In comparison with existing methods, IFNet can achieve at least 11.89 dB improvement in average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and 64.91% improvement in average structural similarity index measure (SSIM) on a real-world dataset.

Recent advancements have showcased the potential of hand-held millimeter-wave (mmWave) imaging, which applies synthetic aperture radar (SAR) principles in portable settings. However, existing studies addressing handheld motion errors either rely on costly tracking devices or employ simplified imaging models, leading to impractical deployment or limited performance. In this paper, we present IFNet, a novel deep unfolding network that combines the strengths of signal processing models and deep neural networks to achieve imaging and focusing for handheld mmWave systems. By integrating multiple priors and mapping the optimization processes into an iterative network structure, IFNet effectively compensates for phase errors and recovers high-fidelity images from severely distorted signals. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IFNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar has gained increasing attention in environmental perception due to its robustness under low-light conditions. However, existing methods fail to address the challenges of multipath interference and low angle resolution. In this paper, we introduce DiffRadar which leverages the diffusion probabilistic model (DPM) for high-quality mmWave environmental sensing. To adapt DPM for radar signals that lack pix-level structural information, we design a contour encoder to capture intrinsic scene features that enable the DPM to learn a robust representation from radar data. Then the DPM decoder utilizes this high-level semantic information to effectively reconstruct real-world scene distribution. Extensive experiments have demonstrated that our approach surpasses state-of-the-art methods in various complex scenarios.

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar pointcloud offers attractive potential for 3D sensing, thanks to its robustness in challenging conditions such as smoke and low illumination. However, existing methods failed to simultaneously address the three main challenges in mmWave radar pointcloud reconstruction: specular information lost, low angular resolution, and severe interference. In this paper, we propose DREAM-PCD, a novel framework specifically designed for real-time 3D environment sensing that combines signal processing and deep learning methods into three well-designed components to tackle all three challenges: Non-Coherent Accumulation for dense points, Synthetic Aperture Accumulation for improved angular resolution, and Real-Denoise Multiframe network for interference removal. By leveraging causal multiple viewpoints accumulation and the "real-denoise" mechanism, DREAM-PCD significantly enhances the generalization performance and real-time capability. We also introduce RadarEyes, the largest mmWave indoor dataset with over 1,000,000 frames, featuring a unique design incorporating two orthogonal single-chip radars, Lidar, and camera, enriching dataset diversity and applications. Experimental results demonstrate that DREAM-PCD surpasses existing methods in reconstruction quality, and exhibits superior generalization and real-time capabilities, enabling high-quality real-time reconstruction of radar pointcloud under various parameters and scenarios. We believe that DREAM-PCD, along with the RadarEyes dataset, will significantly advance mmWave radar perception in future real-world applications.

Nanog is a principal pluripotency regulator exhibiting a disperse distribution within stem cell populations in vivo and in vitro. Increasing evidence points to a functional role of Nanog heterogeneity on stem cell fate decisions. Allelic control of Nanog gene expression was reported recently in mouse embryonic stem cells. To better understand how this mode of regulation influences the observed heterogeneity of NANOG in stem cell populations, we assembled a multiscale stochastic population balance equation framework. In addition to allelic control, gene expression noise and random partitioning at cell division were considered. As a result of allelic Nanog expression, the distribution of Nanog exhibited three distinct states but when combined with transcriptional noise the profile became bimodal. Regardless of their allelic expression pattern, initially uniform populations of stem cells gave rise to the same Nanog heterogeneity within ten cell cycles. Depletion of NANOG content in cells switching off both gene alleles was slower than the accumulation of intracellular NANOG after cells turned on at least one of their Nanog gene copies pointing to Nanog state-dependent dynamics. Allelic transcription of Nanog also raises issues regarding the use of stem cell lines with reporter genes knocked in a single allelic locus. Indeed, significant divergence was observed in the reporter and native protein profiles depending on the difference in their half-lives and insertion of the reporter gene in one or both alleles. In stem cell populations with restricted Nanog expression, allelic regulation facilitates the maintenance of fractions of self-renewing cells with sufficient Nanog content to prevent aberrant loss of pluripotency. Our findings underline the role of allelic control of Nanog expression as a prime determinant of stem cell population heterogeneity and warrant further investigation in the contexts of stem cell specification and cell reprogramming.

The Data Distribution Service for Real-time Systems(DDS) mainly describes how data is dealt with in a single node, but not the mode of data-exchange among nodes. The centralized label publication subscription mechanism is used for data-exchange in this article. In the wireless network, especially low speed wireless network of battlefield, it is important to research on performance of this mechanism and relationship among number of node, RTT (round-trip time) and receiving-to-sending ratio. From the simulation, we derive the conclusion that centralized label publication subscription mechanism is suitable for the network of some nodes.