The integration of AI-based features is rapidly transforming interactions with software systems. While these innovations aim to enhance functionality, their impact on user experience and business outcomes such as satisfaction and loyalty remains underexplored. This study investigates how the user experience (UX) of AI chat bots relates to two key user-level outcomes: Customer Satisfaction (CSAT) and Net Promoter Score (NPS). Drawing on a sample of N = 146 users, we conducted regression analyses, including interaction terms with AI usage frequency and perceived competency. Results indicate that perceived Usefulness significantly predicts both CSAT and NPS, with partial support of moderation effect by the frequency of AI use. Specifically, higher usage increases the positive impact of Usefulness on NPS. Overall, our regression models for CSAT and NPS explained around 39% and 48% of the variance, respectively. These results indicate a good model fit and underline the importance of good UX in AI systems, as this is significantly impacting the satisfaction and loyalty of users. In summary, by linking established UX metrics to strategic business indicators, we show how UX professionals can contribute to more business value and additionally offer guidance to adopt a more user-centered perspective on AI development.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) music generation is a trending field, and many different generators are currently under development. However, no standardized evaluation method exists that can help researchers evaluate and compare AI-based music tools. To create a meta-methodology for AI music assessment based on user evaluation, that can be both standardized and deployed as a tailored implementation model adapted to the idiosyncrasies of specific generators and their intended applications, thereby helping future researchers draw comparisons between different systems. Two different decision trees/matrices are proposed to help researchers tailor their specific evaluation studies. As evaluation tools, the paper explores Likert and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) based surveys and emotional state estimations using facial action units, self-assessment, and physiological signals. A proof-of-concept study demonstrates the viability of the proposed tools for user-based AI music generation evaluation studies. A preference for audio music over symbolic music generation was observed, and this will require future research. The implementation of the proposed methodology and tools across the field will be helpful when comparing different systems in future research and to save time in the development of user-based studies. User-based evaluation studies are needed to prevent biases from passing into future iterations of AI music generators.

This study examines the shifting discussions of teachers within the #twlz community on Twitter across three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic– before school closures and during the first and second school closures. Weanalyzed tweets from January 2020 to May 2021 to identify topics related to education, digital transforma tion, and the challenges of remote teaching. Using machine learning and ChatGPT, we categorized discussions that transitioned from general educational content to focused dialogues on online education tools during school closures. Before the pandemic, discussions were generally focused on education and digital transformation. During the first school closures, conversations shifted to more specific topics, such as online education and tools to adapt to distance learning. Discussions during the second school closures reflected more precise needs related to fluctuating pandemic conditions and schooling requirements. Our findings reveal a consistent in crease in the specificity and urgency of the topics over time, particularly regarding digital education

Abstract Background Active Learning with AI‐tutoring in Higher Education tackles dropout rates. Objectives To investigate teaching‐learning methodologies preferred by students. AHP is used to evaluate a ChatGPT‐based studented learning methodology which is compared to another active learning methodology and a traditional methodology. Study with Learning Analytics to evaluate alternatives, and help students elect the best strategies according to their preferences. Methods Comparative study of three learning methodologies in a counterbalanced Single‐Group with 33 university students. It follows a pre‐test/post‐test approach using AHP and SAM. HRV and GSR used for the estimation of emotional states. Findings Criteria related to in‐class experiences valued higher than test‐related criteria. Chat‐GPT integration was well regarded compared to well‐established methodologies. Student emotion self‐assessment correlated with physiological measures, validating used Learning Analytics. Conclusions Proposed model AI‐Tutoring classroom integration functions effectively at increasing engagement and avoiding false information. AHP with the physiological measuring allows students to determine preferred learning methodologies, avoiding biases, and acknowledging minority groups.

Abstract Voice user interface (VUI) systems, such as Alexa, Siri, and Google Assistant, are popular and widely available. Still, challenges such as privacy and the ability to have a dialog remain. In the latter example, the user expects a human‐like conversation, that is, that the VUI understands the dialog and its context. However, this VUI feature of context‐aware interaction is rather error prone. For this reason, we intend to explore the VUI context of use and its impact on interaction, that is, relevant user experience (UX). We see a demand for context‐dependent UX measurement because analyzing the context of use and UX assessment are both critical human‐centered design (HCD) methods. Therefore, we examine the VUI context of use by asking users about how, where, and for what they use VUIs, as well as their UX and improvement proposals. We interviewed people with disabilities who rely on VUIs and people without disabilities who use VUIs for convenience or fun. We identified VUI context‐of‐use categories and factors and explored their impacts on relevant UX qualities. Our result is a matrix containing these elements; thus, it provides an overview of the contextual UX of our target group's VUI interaction. We intend to develop a VUI context‐of‐use conceptual structure in the future based on this matrix, which is needed to create an automated context‐dependent UX measurement recommendation tool for VUIs. This conceptual structure could also be useful for automated UX testing in the context of VUI.

Abstract In times of crises, such as the refugee crisis or the corona pandemic, the workload in public administrations increases because of the demands of citizens or short-term legal changes. In addition, there is an increasing need for digitalization or to be able to react flexibly to changes. Agile process models and agile practices are appropriate to overcome these challenges. The objective of this paper is to investigate how public administrations can measure their degree of agility to identify potential for improving it. The authors conducted a descriptive single-case study which included multiple units of analysis in a public administration in Germany. The case study was supported by their questionnaire for measuring the degree of agility. One outcome of this study is a conceptual framework that can be used to drive agile transformation in public administrations by continuously measuring agility. Therefore, a questionnaire for measuring agility at team level in public administrations has been developed. The application of the questionnaire in three teams provide insights into dysfunctionality in the interdisciplinary teams as well as optimization potential in terms of affinity to change. The adoption of agility in public administration is a challenge, given that resistance to change is still prevalent. A transformational change is a constant journey, and therefore, the measurement of progress plays an important role in the continuous improvement of an organization. The applied approach delivers high potential for improvement in terms of agility and provides interesting insights for both practitioners and academics.

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are a formalization of specific clinical knowledge that states the best evidence-based clinical practices for treating pathologies. However, CPGs are limited because they are usually expressed as text. This gives rise to a certain level of ambiguity, subjective interpretation of the actions to be performed, and variability in clinical practice by different health professionals facing the same circumstances. The inherent complexity of CPGs is also a challenge for software engineers designing, developing, and maintaining software systems and clinical decision support system to manage and digitize them. This challenge stems from the need to evolve CPGs and design software systems capable of allowing their evolution. This paper proposes a model-driven, human-centric and tool-supported framework (called IDE 4 ICDS) for improving digitisation of CPG in practical environments. This framework is designed from a human-centric perspective to be used by mixed teams of clinicians and software engineers. It was also validated with the type 2 diabetes mellitus CPG in the Andalusian Public Health System (Spain) involving 89 patients and obtaining a kappa-based analysis. The recommendations were acceptable (0.61–0.80) with a total kappa index of 0.701, leading to the conclusion that the proposal provided appropriate recommendations for each patient.

Over the last decade, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have become an important asset for daily life in healthcare organizations. Efficient CPG management and digitization can improve the quality of patient care and healthcare by reducing variability. CPG digitization, however, is a difficult, complex task because such guidelines are usually expressed as text, and this often results in the development of partial software solutions. There are currently many CPG suites (CPGS) for managing the CPG lifecycle, but they do not all provide full support for this lifecycle, making it more difficult to choose the one which will best meet the specific needs and requirements of a healthcare organization. This paper proposes a quality model which makes it possible to compare CPGs by highlighting each phase of the lifecycle. The research was conducted using a methodology that combined a systematic literature review with quality models. The paper also discusses how the proposed model was instantiated to evaluate and compare several current CPG-based execution systems.

Particularly in times of crisis, it is apparent that the digital transformation in Germany has not yet progressed far enough. Public administrations are confronted with legally prescribed obligations to implement e-government and digitization projects in the near future. Project work and the involvement of users in the implementation are increasingly coming into focus. The objective of this paper is to identify the challenges in project work in the context of the implementation of e-government and digitalization projects in public administration. This was done by comparing survey results from 2018 and 2021 and analyzing whether agility can make a decisive contribution to eliminating these challenges. Moreover, it was investigated whether user involvement in implementation is already taking place. This study was conducted for the first time in 2018 and again in 2021 using an online survey. The two samples of the questionnaire study (2018 and 2021) show, that public administrations are increasingly coming into contact with agile methods. Furthermore, challenges were identified that limit improved project work in public administrations and that need to be addressed.

Currently available reviews in the area of artificial intelligence-based music generation do not provide a wide range of publications and are usually centered around comparing very specific topics between a very limited range of solutions. Best surveys available in the field are bibliography sections of some papers and books which lack a systematic approach and limit their scope to only handpicked examples In this work, we analyze the scope and trends of the research on artificial intelligence-based music generation by performing a systematic review of the available publications in the field using the Prisma methodology. Furthermore, we discuss the possible implementations and accessibility of a set of currently available AI solutions, as aids to musical composition. Our research shows how publications are being distributed globally according to many characteristics, which provides a clear picture of the situation of this technology. Through our research it becomes clear that the interest of both musicians and computer scientists in AI-based automatic music generation has increased significantly in the last few years with an increasing participation of mayor companies in the field whose works we analyze. We discuss several generation architectures, both from a technical and a musical point of view and we highlight various areas were further research is needed.

Software development companies use Agile methods to develop their products or services efficiently and in a goal-oriented way. But this alone is not enough to satisfy user demands today. It is much more important nowadays that a product or service should offer a great user experience — the user wants to have some positive user experience while interacting with the product or service. An essential requirement is the integration of user experience methods in Agile software development. Based on this, the development of positive user experience must be managed. We understand management in general as a combination of a goal, a strategy, and resources. When applied to UX, user experience management consists of a UX goal, a UX strategy, and UX resources. We have conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to analyse suitable approaches for managing user experience in the context of Agile software development. We have identified 49 relevant studies in this regard. After analysing the studies in detail, we have identified different primary approaches that can be deemed suitable for UX management. Additionally, we have identified several UX methods that are used in combination with the primary approaches. However, we could not identify any approaches that directly address UX management. There is also no general definition or common understanding of UX management. To successfully implement UX management, it is important to know what UX management actually is and how to measure or determine successful UX management.

System of Systems (SoS) is an emerging paradigm by which independent systems collaborate by sharing resources and processes to achieve objectives that they could not achieve on their own. In this context, a number of emergent behaviors may arise that can undermine the security of the constituent systems. We apply the Delphi method with the aims to improve our understanding of SoS security and related problems, and to investigate their possible causes and remedies. Experts on SoS expressed their opinions and reached consensus in a series of rounds by following a structured questionnaire. The results show that the experts found more consensus in disagreement than in agreement about some SoS characteristics, and on how SoS vulnerabilities could be identified and prevented. From this study we learn that more work is needed to reach a shared understanding of SoS vulnerabilities, and we leverage expert feedback to outline some future research directions.

Healthcare institutions is an ever-innovative field, in which modernization is moving forward taking giant steps. This modernization, so called “digitization”, brings up some concerns that should be carefully consid ered. Currently, the most sensible concerning in this field is the management of Electronic Health Record and patients’ data privacy. Health-related data in healthcare systems are under strict regulations, such as the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), whose non-compliance imposes huge penalties and fines. Cy bersecurity in healthcare plays an important role at protecting these sensitive data, which are highly valuable for criminals. Security experts follow already existing security frameworks to orchestrate the security assess ment process, so that the auditing process is as complete and as organized as possible. This study extends the lifecycle of a security assessment framework and conducts an exploitation and vulnerabilities’ analysis on an actual industrial scenario. The results of this security audit shows that even if the system is heavily fortified, there can be still some vulnerabilities.

Abstract Context: Twenty years after the publication of the agile manifesto, agility is becoming more and more popular in different contexts. Agile values are changing the way people work together and influence people’s mindset as well as the culture of organizations. Many organizations have understood that continuous improvement is based on measurement. Objective: The objective of this paper is to present how agility can be measured at the team level. For this reason, we will introduce our questionnaire for measuring agility, which is based on the agile values of the manifesto. Method: We developed a questionnaire comprising 36 items that measure the current state of a team’s agility in six dimensions (communicative, change-affine, iterative, self-organized, product-driven and improvement-oriented). This questionnaire has been evaluated with respect to several expert reviews and in a case study. Results: The questionnaire provides a method for measuring the current state of agility, which takes the individual context of the team into account. Furthermore, our research shows, that this technique enables the user to uncover dysfunctionalities in a team. Conclusion: Practitioners and organizations can use our questionnaire to optimize collaboration within their teams in terms of agility. In particular, the value delivery of an organization can be increased by optimizing collaboration at the team level. The development of this questionnaire is a continuous learning process with the aim to develop a standardized questionnaire for measuring agility.

Currently, voice assistants (VAs) are trendy and highly available. The VA adoption rate of internet users differs among European countries and also in the global view. Due to speech intelligibility and privacy concerns, using VAs is challenging. Additionally, user experience (UX) assessment methods and VA improvement possibilities are still missing, but are urgently needed to overcome users’ concerns and increase the adoption rate. Therefore, we conducted an intercultural study of technology-based users from Germany and Spain, expecting that higher improvement potential would outweigh concerns about VAs. We investigated VA use in terms of availability versus actual use, usage patterns, concerns, and improvement proposals. Comparing Germany and Spain, our findings show that nearly the same amount of intensive VA use is found in both technology-based user groups. Despite cultural differences, further results show very similar tendencies, e.g., frequency of use, privacy concerns, and demand for VA improvements.

Context: Measuring the Software Development Process (SDP) supports organizations in their endeavor to understand, manage, and improve their development processes and projects. In the last decades, the SDP has evolved to meet the market needs and keep abreast of modern technologies and infrastructures. These changes in the development processes have increased the importance of the measurement and caused changes in the measurement process and the used measures. Objective: This work aims to develop a solution to support the measurement activities throughout the process lifecycle. Method: Study the current state of the art to identify existing gaps. Then, propose a solution to support the process measurement throughout the SDP lifecycle. Results: The proposed solution consists of two main components: (i) Measurement lifecycle, which defines the measurement activities throughout the SDP lifecycle, (ii) Measurement definition metamodel (MDMM), which supports the measurement lifecycle and its integration into the process lifecycle. Conclusion: This proposal allows organizations to define, manage, and improve their processes; the proposed information model supports the unification of the measurement concepts and vocabulary. The defined measurement lifecycle provides a comprehensive guide for the organizations to establish the measurement objectives and carry out the necessary activities to achieve them. The proposed MDMM supports and guides the engineers in the complete and operational definition of the measurement concepts.

Abstract Today's world economic situation is ruled by issues such as reducing cost, improving quality, maximizing profit, and improving and optimizing processes at organizations. In this context, business process management can be an essential strategy, but it is not usually consolidated at software organizations because software process properties involve a complex business process management application on software lifecycle. Consequently, software organizations often focus on Software Process Modeling (SPM), and each involved role performs process execution and orchestration independently and manually. This fact makes software processes maintenance, monitoring, and measurement become difficult tasks. This paper proposes a model‐based approach for SPM taking into account concepts related to process execution, orchestration, and monitoring. It is framed into a model‐driven engineering‐based and tool‐based framework: Process Lifecycle Management for Business Software (PLM4BS). We present a SPM metamodel and its concrete syntax (through Unified Modeling Language profiles) that lays the foundation for extending PLM4BS. Its underlying metamodel allows managing processes automatically. Furthermore, PLM4BS improves current state‐of‐the‐art proposals in 6 dimensions: expressiveness, understandability, granularity, measurability, orchestrability, and business variables and rules. Also, PLM4BS has been evaluated in a multiple‐case study, in which the 6 mentioned dimensions were already validated.

Entity reconciliation (ER) aims to combine data from different sources for a unified vision. The management of large volumes of data has given rise to significant challenges to the ER problem due to facts such as data becoming more unstructured, unclean, and incomplete or the existence of many datasets that store information about the same topic. Testing the applications that implement the ER problem is crucial to ensure both the correctness of the reconciliation process and the quality of the reconciled data. This paper presents an approach based on model-driven engineering that allows the creation of test models for the early integration testing of ER applications, contributing in three main aspects: the description of the elements of the proposed framework, the definition of the testing model, and the validation of the proposal through two real-world case studies. This validation verifies that the early integration testing of the ER application is capable of detecting a series of deficiencies, which a priori are not known and that will help to improve the final result that the ER application offers.

Within the development of software systems, the development of web applications may be one of the most widespread at present due to the great number of advantages they provide such as: multiplatform, speed of access or the not requiring extremely powerful hardware among others. The fact that so many web applications are being developed, makes grotesque the volume of information that it is generated daily. In the management of all this information, it appears the entity reconciliation problem, which is to identify objects referring to the same real-world entity. This paper proposes to give a solution to this problem through a web perspective. To this end, the NDT methodology has been taken as a reference and has been extended adding new activities, artefacts and documents to cover this problem.

Model-Driven Web Engineering approaches have become an attractive research and technology solution for Web application development. However, for more than 20 years of development, the industry has not adopted them due to the mismatch between technical versus research requirements. In the context of this joint work between academia and industry, the authors conduct a survey among hundreds of engineers from different companies around the world and, by statistical analysis, they present the current problems of these approaches in scale. Then, a set of guidelines is provided to improve Model-Driven Web Engineering approaches in order to make them viable industry solutions.

In recent years hybrid approaches focusing on user needs by integrating Agile methodologies (e.g. Scrum, Kanban or Extreme Programming) with Human-Centered Design (HCD) have proven to be particularly suitable for the development of Web systems. On the one hand, HCD techniques are used for requirements elicitation and, on the other hand, they can be utilized to elicit navigation relationships in Web projects. Navigation is one of the basic pillars of Web systems and also a fundamental element for the methodologies within the Model-Driven Web Engineering (MDWE) field. This paper presents an approach to model Agile requirements by means of integrating HCD techniques into Agile software development. We contribute to the software development body of knowledge by creating the concept of a Context-based Persona Story (CBPS) and formalizing it through a metamodel. Our approach covers the modelling of users and stakeholders by personas as well as the visualization of the context of use by storyboards. The attributes of the context of use enable us to elicit acceptance criteria for describing the scope of an Agile requirement.

Agile Software Development (ASD) is becoming more popular in all fields of industry. For an agile transformation, organizations need to continuously improve their established approaches to Requirements Engineering (RE) as well as their approaches to software development. This is accompanied by some challenges in terms of agile RE. The main objective of this paper is to identify the most important challenges in agile RE industry has to face today. Therefore, we conducted an iterative expert judgement process with 26 experts in the field of ASD, comprising three complementary rounds. In sum, we identified 20 challenges in three rounds. Six of these challenges are defined as key challenges. Based on the results, we provide options for dealing with those key challenges by means of agile techniques and tools. The results show that the identified challenges are often not limited to ASD, but they rather refer to software development in general. Therefore, we can conclude that organizations still struggle with agile transition and understanding agile values, in particular, in terms of stakeholder and user involvement.

REP (Requirements Engineering Process) is one of the most essential processes within the software project life cycle because it allows describing software product requirements. This specification should be as consistent as possible to enable estimating in a suitable manner the effort required to obtain the final product. REP is complex in itself, but this complexity is greatly increased in big, distributed and heterogeneous projects with multiple analyst teams and high integration among functional modules. This paper presents an approach for the systematic conciliation of functional requirements in big projects dealing with a modelbased approach. It also explains how this approach may be implemented in the context of NDT (Navigational Development Techniques) methodology and finally, it describes a preliminary evaluation of our proposal in CALIPSOneo project by analyzing the improvements obtained with our approach.

Model Driven development approaches are being adopted by the software industry due to a core set of benefits such as raising the level of abstraction and reducing coding errors. However, their underlying modelling languages tend to be quite rigid, making their evolution hard, specifically when the corresponding metamodel do not support primitives and/or functionalities required in specific business domains. In this work, we present an approach for fast evolution of the modelling language that is “self reflective”, allowing modellers to abstract new language concepts from the primitives. The main advantage of our approach is that it provides zero application downtime and automatic tool evolution. As a consequence, applications created with our approach are able to adapt quicker to the business needs than those based on traditional Web modelling languages. We compare our approach with existing modelling languages in a case study providing a proof of its ability to adapt faster than to new business needs.

Nowadays, Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) is widely spread in private organizations. However, when transferring this knowledge to Public Administration, it is realized that it has not been transformed in terms \nof its legal nature into organizations capable to operate under the SOA paradigm. This fact prevents public \nadministration bodies from offering the efficient services they have been provided by different boards of \ngovernments. A high-level framework to perform this transformation is proposed. Taking it as starting \npoint, an instance of a SOA Target Meta-Model can be obtained by means of an iterative and incremental \nprocess based on the analysis of imperatives and focused on the particular business context of each local public administration. This paper briefly presents a practical experience consisting in applying this process \nto a Spanish regional public administration.

The effective application of test phases has been one of the most relevant, critical and cost phases in the life cycle of software projects in the last years. During the test phase, the test team has to assure the quality of the system and the concordance with the initial requirements of the system. The model driven paradigm is offering suitable results in some areas and the test phase could be one of them. This paper presents how the application of this paradigm can help to improve this aspect in the functional test generation and it analyses the experience in a real project developed under this approach.

Requirements conciliation can result one of the most expensive and critical tasks in Web development. It particularly depends on analysts' experiences since very frequently they have to use manual solution to cope with requirements conciliation. After some previous work presenting an approach oriented towards Web requirements conciliation, this paper proposes a tool for executing this task. It is based on the Model-driven paradigm and it is included in the context of NDT (Navigational Development Techniques) methodology.

Scrum has become one of the most popular agile methodologies, either alone or combined with other agile practices. Besides, CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) is accepted as a suitable model to measure the maturity of the organizations when developing or acquiring software. Although these two approaches are often considered antagonist, the use of an agile approach to reach certain CMMI maturity levels may result beneficial to organizations that develop Web systems, since they would take the advantages of both approaches. In Web community, this union may be very interesting, because agile approaches fits with the special needs of Web development, and they could be a useful tool for companies getting a certain grade of maturity. This work analyzes the goals of CMMI maturity level 2 and the feasibility of achieving them using the practices proposed by Scrum, trying to assess whether the use of this methodology is suitable for meeting the CMMI generic and specific goals or not. Finally, and based on this analysis, this paper raises a possible extension of Scrum, based on agile techniques, to accommodate the CMMI maturity level 2.

Currently, software testing is mainly carried on independently from software architecture-related information. Some approaches propose to perform integration and regression testing with respect to software architecture descriptions, but less attention has been paid to analysing software architecture in order to develop a less costly and time-consuming test plan that covers the requirements of the system of interest. If on one side, it is well known that providing an effective test plan is crucial to software quality, on the other side software testing is extremely difficult because it stems from the complexity of current software systems.

Model-Driven Web Engineering (MDWE) is a new paradigm which provides satisfactory results in software development. However, most experiments with MDWE towards the development of software from the requirements to the implementation stages. However, in practice, sometimes software development does not follow this classic path. In this paper, MDWE is presented as a suitable selection in software projects of technological evolution. The AQUA project is a very large and important project which is a fusion of three previous systems. Thus, this project starts with the original code of these three systems. The paper introduces the power of MDWE in this kind of systems.

The test phase is one of the most important phases in software development. However, in practice, little research has been carried out in this field. Model-driven engineering is a new paradigm that can help to minimize test cases generation costs and can ensure quality of results. This paper presents the application of the MDE paradigm in the systematic, even automatic, generation of system test software.

This paper extends previous works about the automatic generation of test cases. The start point id the Category -Partition method and the extended use case pattern. This paper describes the automatism of both techniques and extends them to manage loops in use cases.

The verification of the correct implementation of use cases is a vital task in software development and quality assurance. Although there are many works describing how to generate test cases from use cases, there are very few case studies and empirical results of their application and effectiveness. This paper introduces a first case study that test the correct implementation of use cases in a web system and a command line system, analyses the results and exposes that generation of use cases has a successful about 80%.

Web Engineering is a new research line in Software Engineering that covers the definition of processes, techniques and models suitable for Web environments in order to guarantee the quality of results. The research community is working in this area and, as a very recent line, they are assuming the Model-Driven paradigm to support and solve some classic problems detected in Web developments. However, there is a lack in Web requirements treatment. This paper presents a general vision of NDT (Navigational Development Techniques) which is an approach to deal with requirements in Web systems. It is based on conclusions obtained in several comparative studies and it tries to fill some gaps detected by the research community. This paper presents its scope, its most important contributions and offers a global vision of its associated tool: NDT-Tool. Furthermore, it analyses how Web Engineering can be applied in the enterprise environment. NDT is being applied in real projects and has been assumed by several companies as a requirements methodology. The approach offers a Web requirements solution based on a Model-Driven paradigm that follows the most accepted tendencies by Web Engineering

The system testing allows to verify the behaviour of the systemunder test and to guarantee the satisfaction of its requirements.This work describes a complete process to generate test casesfrom use cases for web applications. This process also resolves the lacks detected in existing approaches.

Requirements models are used to specify system functionalitiesfrom the customer viewpoint and are the starting point of softwaredevelopment. However, most Web engineering approaches do notprovide a systematic method to build design models fromrequirements specification. We propose an approach using modeltransformations to close this gap. Our transformation rules aredefined in the QVT language - a forthcoming OMG standard,which makes automatic model generation possible. This waydesign is kept consistent with the customer requirements.