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Tokens to Types: Context Editing with Selective Entity Abstraction for Grounded Generation

sigir26-187 · Full research paper · Rounak Sharma, DEBABRATA MAHAPATRA, Shiv Kumar Saini
Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness · 100%
Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) frequently prioritize parametric world knowledge over provided context -- a failure mode that is particularly catastrophic in enterprise or counterfactual settings where local facts contradict web-scale training data. While modern reasoning models improve general response quality, they fail to resolve these underlying prior knowledge biases even when generating a high volume of costly thinking tokens. We propose a context-editing framework that addresses this by performing selective abstraction over entities that appear in both the context and the question. Our approach replaces these overlapping entities with typed, indexed identifiers (e.g., Paris with City łangle1\rangle), suppressing spurious lexical associations while preserving the relational structure required for grounded reasoning. This mechanism is decoupled into an offline preprocessing stage and a lightweight inference-time substitution, requiring no model retraining. Experiments across counterfactual and multi-hop knowledge-conflict benchmarks demonstrate consistent accuracy gains across many model families, open- and closed-sourced, especially for small to medium sized LLMs (0.5B to 18B). Notably, our framework yields up to a 25% improvement over state-of-the-art instruct models and 13% over reasoning models, establishing symbolic abstraction as a highly cost-efficient solution for ensuring context fidelity in LLMs.

Assigned reviewers

#ReviewerMatchWhy (closest evidence publications in the taxonomy)
1 Di Wu 0054
40
100 Synchronous Faithfulness Monitoring for Trustworthy Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2024) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
37 LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memory (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
35 Repoformer: Selective Retrieval for Repository-Level Code Completion (2024) Efficient and Long-Context RAG
2 Maryam Amirizaniani
33
65 How Does Memorization Impact LLMs' Social Reasoning? An Assessment using Seen and Unseen Queries (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
40 Learning to Reason for Multi-Step Retrieval of Personal Context in Personalized Question Answering (2026) Personalized Question Answering and RAG
30 AuditLLM: A Tool for Auditing Large Language Models Using Multiprobe Approach (2024) Fairness Metrics and Evaluation

Area chair

Area chairMatch
Xiaoxi Li 0005 42
Area-chair candidates (7)
Xiaoxi Li 0005 assigned 4215 papers
Xiaoxue Zang 374 papers
Zhijing Wu 0001 369 papers
Dacheng Tao 355 papers
Hongjin Qian 3512 papers
Jun Xu 0001 342 papers
Kam-Fai Wong 346 papers

Candidates from the panel ranked by match score

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2 Jing Liu 0022 42 3
100 Unveiling Knowledge Utilization Mechanisms in LLM-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
75 Reinforced Informativeness Optimization for Long-Form Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2026) Evidence Selection and Context Refinement
3 Xingyu Tan 0001 41 3
44 HydraRAG: Structured Cross-Source Enhanced Large Language Model Reasoning (2025) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
44 Paths-over-Graph: Knowledge Graph Empowered Large Language Model Reasoning (2025) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
4 Di Wu 0054 assigned 40 3
100 Synchronous Faithfulness Monitoring for Trustworthy Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2024) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
37 LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memory (2025) Conversational Search and Retrieval
5 Qinggang Zhang 40 3
100 FaithfulRAG: Fact-Level Conflict Modeling for Context-Faithful Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
45 You Don't Need Pre-Built Graphs for RAG: Retrieval Augmented Generation with Adaptive Reasoning Structures (2026) Multi-Hop and Iterative Retrieval Reasoning
6 Yujia Zhou 0002 39 3
100 Robust Fine-tuning for Retrieval Augmented Generation against Retrieval Defects (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
44 CorpusLM: Towards a Unified Language Model on Corpus for Knowledge-Intensive Tasks (2024) Generative Retrieval
7 Weiwei Sun 0001 38 3
100 Contrastive Learning Reduces Hallucination in Conversations (2023) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
50 Direct Retrieval-augmented Optimization: Synergizing Knowledge Selection and Language Models (2026) Evidence Selection and Context Refinement
8 Yu-An Liu 0028 38 3
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9 Shu Zhou 0002 38 3
68 Calibrating Uncertainty with Cross-Model Consistency for LLM Hallucination Mitigation (2026) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
68 Cascaded Verification Framework: A Progressive Approach for Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Language Models (2026) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
10 Jinheon Baek 38 3
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48 Adaptive-RAG: Learning to Adapt Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models through Question Complexity (2024) Multi-Hop and Iterative Retrieval Reasoning
11 Kaixin Ma 37 3
75 Chain-of-Note: Enhancing Robustness in Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (2024) Evidence Selection and Context Refinement
41 Retrieval-augmented GUI Agents with Generative Guidelines (2025) Agentic and Deep Search RAG
12 Archiki Prasad 37 3
100 AdaCAD: Adaptively Decoding to Balance Conflicts between Contextual and Parametric Knowledge (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
38 Self-Consistency Preference Optimization (2025) Reward Modeling and Process Supervision
13 Farzad Shami 37 3
42 Benchmarking Large Language Models for Knowledge Graph Validation (2026) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
42 Fact Verification in Knowledge Graphs Using LLMs (2025) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
14 Wenyu Huang 37 3
40 Prompting large language models with knowledge graphs for question answering involving long-tail facts (2025) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
39 Masking in Multi-hop QA: An Analysis of How Language Models Perform with Context Permutation (2025) Multi-hop and Complex Reasoning QA
15 Xiao Zhang 0034 37 3
100 ReDeEP: Detecting Hallucination in Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Mechanistic Interpretability (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
100 LargePiG for Hallucination-Free Query Generation: Your Large Language Model is Secretly a Pointer Generator (2025) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
16 Xi Ye 0003 37 3
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39 Connecting Attributions and QA Model Behavior on Realistic Counterfactuals (2021) Multi-hop and Complex Reasoning QA
18 Jiapu Wang 37 3
44 Atomic Fact Decomposition Helps Attributed Question Answering (2025) Multi-Hop and Iterative Retrieval Reasoning
44 Decomposing and Revising What Language Models Generate (2025) Multi-Hop and Iterative Retrieval Reasoning
19 Yu Gu 0016 36 3
44 HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory for Large Language Models (2024) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
40 Few-shot In-context Learning on Knowledge Base Question Answering (2023) Multi-hop and Complex Reasoning QA
21 Armin Toroghi 36 3
42 LLM-based Typed Hyperresolution for Commonsense Reasoning with Knowledge Bases (2025) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
42 Verifiable, Debuggable, and Repairable Commonsense Logical Reasoning via LLM-based Theory Resolution (2024) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
22 Ben Liu 0002 36 3
40 MoodAngels: A Retrieval-augmented Multi-agent Framework for Psychiatry Diagnosis (2025) RAG for Domain Applications
38 SymAgent: A Neural-Symbolic Self-Learning Agent Framework for Complex Reasoning over Knowledge Graphs (2025) Reasoning Evaluation and Benchmarks
23 Ori Yoran 36 3
57 Making Retrieval-Augmented Language Models Robust to Irrelevant Context (2024) Evidence Selection and Context Refinement
39 Answering Questions by Meta-Reasoning over Multiple Chains of Thought (2023) Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval and Ranking
24 Qingyi Si 36 3
100 Breaking the Trade-Off Between Faithfulness and Expressiveness for Large Language Models (2026) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
38 Test-time Prompt Intervention (2026) Reward Modeling and Process Supervision
25 Xiaolong Jin 0001 36 3
42 A New Pipeline for Knowledge Graph Reasoning Enhanced by Large Language Models Without Fine-Tuning (2024) KG-Augmented LLM Reasoning
38 Hierarchical Query Graph Generation for Complex Question Answering over Knowledge Graph (2020) Knowledge Graph Question Answering
26 Yuzhong Qu 35 3
39 Skeleton parsing for complex question answering over knowledge bases (2022) Knowledge Graph Question Answering
39 Enhancing Complex Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs through Evidence Pattern Retrieval (2024) Knowledge Graph Question Answering
29 Farima Fatahi Bayat 34 3
37 From Proof to Program: Characterizing Tool-Induced Reasoning Hallucinations in Large Language Models (2026) Reward Modeling and Process Supervision
35 FactBench: A Dynamic Benchmark for In-the-Wild Language Model Factuality Evaluation (2025) Automated Fact Checking and Claim Verification
30 Wenlin Zhang 0001 34 3
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41 MemSearch-o1: Empowering Large Language Models with Reasoning-Aligned Memory Growth in Agentic Search (2026) Agentic and Deep Search RAG
32 Idan Szpektor 34 3
69 DisentQA: Disentangling Parametric and Contextual Knowledge with Counterfactual Question Answering (2023) Knowledge Conflict and Faithfulness
37 SIGIR 2016 Workshop WebQA II: Web Question Answering Beyond Factoids (2016) Retrieval-Augmented and Open-Domain QA
34 Qisheng Hu 34 3
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36 Mariano Barone 34 3
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37 Navve Wasserman 34 3
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35 REAL-MM-RAG: A Real-World Multi-Modal Retrieval Benchmark (2025) Universal Multimodal Embedding and MLLM Retrieval